With modern power utilities going green by utilising renewable energy technologies and the development of the smart power grid, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) technologies become more and more important in the energy transmission. In particular, HVDC cable systems play a prominent role in undersea power transmission and offshore renewable energy integration. As an essential part of a complete HVDC cable system, the cable termination is one of the most critical components. The mathematical and physical background of HVDC cable systems is discussed and the development of various types of HVDC cable terminations is reviewed. Regarding the non-uniform field distribution, the influence of temperature on the nonlinear conductivity is briefly discussed. Furthermore, faults of terminations caused by inappropriate installation and testing of cable systems are discussed.

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This article describes the main problems associated with, and potential strategies for, the design and manufacture of next-generation HVDC cable systems, with a focus on increasing power flows over long distances.