ABSTRAK. Fenomena UHI (Urban Heat Island) mengakibatkan suhu udara perkotaan menjadi tinggi, sehingga menurunkan kualitas lingkungan kota. Untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas kota dan mengimbangi pertumbuhan kota, maka pemerintah menggalakkan pengembangan infrastruktur hijau perkotaan melalui pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Kota Kendari memiliki beberapa ruang terbuka yang beberapa diantaranya merupakan pusat aktifitas dan interaksi masyarakat kota, diantaranya Taman Walikota dan Pelataran Tugu Religi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif untuk mengetahui kondisi iklim mikro dan kenyamanan termal ruang terbuka. Data-data yang dikumpulkan berupa karakteristik dan nilai indikator iklim mikro yang meliputi suhu udara, kelembaban relatif, dan kecepatan angin pada sejumlah titik ukur pada siang hari. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan uji Statistik Independent T Test untuk mengetahui perbedaan iklim mikro antara kedua lokasi dan analisis Temperature Humidity Index (THI) untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanannya. Hasil dari uji statistik menunjukkan tingkat perbedaan yang tidak sigifikan antara kedua lokasi, meliputi suhu udara (sig.=0,283); kelembaban relatif (sig.=0,115); dan kecepatan angin (sig.=0,105). Sementara itu, melalui analisia THI menunjukkan nilai index tidak nyaman hampir terjadi pada keseluruhan titik ukur. Nilai THI tertinggi pada lokasi Taman Walikota terletak pada titik A5 (THI=31,9), yaitu pada daerah memiliki kecepatan angin rendah karena posisinya pada bagian tengah kawasan. Sedangkan pada lokasi pelataran Tugu Religi, nilai terendah THI diperoleh pada titik B9 (THI=33,12), yakni titik yang sebagian besar material permukaan lahannya berupa aspal. Kata kunci: ruang terbuka, temperatur, angin, kelembaban relatif, Temperature Humidity Index ABSTRACT. The UHI (Urban Heat Island) phenomenon affected urban air temperatures become high, which decreases the quality of the city environment. To be able to improve the quality of the city and to balance the growth of the city, the government promotes the development of urban green infrastructure through the development of Green Open Space (RTH). Kendari City has several open spaces, some of which are the center of the activities and interactions of urban communities, including the Taman Walikota and the Pelataran Tugu Religi. This research is a descriptive study to determine the microclimate conditions and thermal comfort of open spaces. The data collected is in the form of characteristics and values of microclimate indicators which include air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed at some measuring points during the day. The collected data were analyzed using the Independent T-Test Statistic Test to determine the differences in microclimate between the two locations and the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) analysis to determine the level of comfort. The results of the statistical tests show a significant level of difference between the two locations, including air temperature (sig. = 0.283); relative humidity (sig. = 0.115); and wind speed (sig. = 0.105). Meanwhile, through THI analysis, the uncomfortable index value almost occurs at the whole measuring point. The highest THI value in the location of the Taman Walikota is located at point A5 (THI = 31.9), which is in the area with low wind speed because of its position in the central part of the city. Whereas in the location of the Pelataran Tugu Religi, the lowest value of THI is obtained at point B9 (THI = 33.12), which is the point where most of the surface material in the land is asphalt. Keywords: open space, temperature, wind, relative humidity, Temperature Humidity Index

Abstract.The availability of open space in urban areas becomes one of the most important things in developing urban population. An ideal open space must accommodate the surrounding community activities and be able to function as an urban forest. The use of artificial and natural materials should be arranged in such a way as to create a functional city space. This study aims to identify the ground cover material used in the square of "Tugu Religi", the monument of the capital city of Southeast Sulawesi Province. The remaining natural areas is about 40% of a total 7 Ha land area. ANOVA statistic test was conducted to investigate the correlation between compositions on all materials. The result shows that asphalt reaches the highest surface temperature, in contrast to grass that has the lowest surface temperature. Meanwhile, grass and soil have the highest albedo value of 0.080. In addition, there is insignificant difference in mean surface temperature among ten points of the data retrieved. It is because the material composition is dominated by pavement and paving block thus the use of grass material does not give a change of ambient temperature.

Fenomena urban heat island (UHI) atau suhu panas perkotaan telah mendorong timbulnya

Abstrak Kata kunci: Batako beton mekanik, Batako beton manual Abstract -Today the use of brick as wall material is preferred because it is practical, fast, strong, and economical. In Kendari City, batako is made by manual and mechanical. The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical concrete blocks and manual concrete blocks to work tools, materials, and manufacturing methods. The type of research used is qualitative with comparative causalapproach. This study concluded that the comparison between mechanical and manual block in the work tool category is more economical using manual molding than using mechanical molding mold, because the price of one unit of mechanical block machine is more expensive than manual molding. In the category of material use is equally economical and effective, because it uses simple materials such as sand, cement, and water. In the category of how to make, the mechanical block is more effective and efficient than the manual block, because the amount of mechanical block is more and the process is faster than the manual brick.

Kendari City is one of the developing cities in Indonesia with a modern type of society that tends to expect practicality and time efficiency. A typical society like this needs to be accommodated by the existence of vertical housing. Phenomena and opportunities like this need to be addressed wisely by the local government and business people in the property sector. Therefore, the City of Kendari needs to plan a residence that is arranged vertically in this case an apartment as a solution to the current high demand for housing. To be able to plan a good apartment, this study uses a descriptive qualitative method combined with a quantitative approach. Based on the results of location and site analysis, this apartment building is planned to be built in Kadia District, Kendari City. The concept or theme applied to the planning of this building is a modern concept that is the unity and characteristic of apartment buildings. With the planning and design of an apartment building with a modern concept, it is hoped that this apartment can meet the needs of the community as an upper middle class residence and become a new Landmaerk in Kendari City.