a apri_julkarman@yahoo.co.id b ganjar@umm.ac.id c hariyadi@umm.ac.id *Corresponding author ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Embryo development Epinephelus sp. Larval incubation Temperature Cantik grouper is the undue hybridization results grouper or cross-breeding between Epinephelus fuscoguttatus as a female and Epinephelus microdon as a male. The main barriers faced in the development of this commodity is still low levels of spawning up to seeding grouper. This study aimed to investigate optimum temperature observations against the rate of embryonic development Epinephelus sp. larvae. The fertilized eggs were incubated on 6 containers temperature treatment; each treatment there was repeated three times. The incubation temperature was kept on (A) 21-22 °C; (B) 23-24 °C; (C) 25-26 °C; (D) 27-28 °C; (E) 29-30 °C; (F) 31-32 °C. Results showed that eggs were incubated at a temperature of 21-22 ℃ embryonic development to a halt in the blastula, and temperature 23-24 °C stalled on phase myomere embryos. Temperature 25-26 °C needed 18 h 6 min by 8.33 % abnormality rate. Temperature 27-28 °C needed 16 h to hatch with a degree of abnormality of 7.6 %. Temperature 29-30 °C needed 15 h 1 min for the hatch to the degree of abnormality of 5.33 %. The 31-32 °C temperature needed 14 h 6 min to hatch with a degree of abnormality of 17.3 %. The limits of tolerance for the incubation of the eggs of Cantik grouper (Epinephelus spp.) were 26-32 °C. The best temperature of each treatment were obtained at a temperature of 29-30 °C. Based on our results, it concluded that the changing temperature affected how long eggs could hatch. How to cite: Simbolon AJ, Sutarjo GA, Hariyadi. 2019. The influence of difference temperature against the rate of embryonic development and larval cantik grouper abnormality (Epinephelus spp.). IJOTA. 2(1): 16-24.

Increased production of Seabass fish (Lates calcarifer) influences the stocking density used. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and survival of Seabass (Lates calcarifer) at different densities of low salinity stocking. The study was conductedin May-June 2019 at the Laboratory of Fisheries, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The material used in the study of Seabass fish (Lates calcarifer) as many as 550 fish with a size of 7 cm and fish feed in the form of B2 Stella. The method used was experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely 1 fish/2 L as control (A); 2 fish/2 L (B); 3 fish/2 L (C); 4 fish/2 L (D). Data analysis used anova(P <0.05) and tested further with the Least Significant Difference Test of 5%. The results showed that treatment B (51 ± 2 fish/2 L) produced a specific growth rate of length and weight, survival rate, efficiency of feed utilization, and feed conversion ratio which was better than treatment A (67 ± 1 fish/2L (control)), C (44 ± 3 fish/2 L and D (38 ± 4 fish/2 L).

Freshwater ornamental fish such as carp, koi, and betta fish is a kind of a very potential happy developed in the Tulungagung district. The total production in the last 3 years is still above the average production of other freshwater ornamental fish. This study aims to know the best influence on the production of freshwater ornamental fish by the influence of capital, cultivation pond, manpower, and technology. The method of research used is by the purposive sampling method of predetermined culture. Furthermore, the data that has been in can be inserted into SPSS 18 which is in multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that on the cultivation of goldfish, the production factor has a significant effect on the production and the technology variable has the highest beta coefficient of 0.364. For the cultivation of Koi fish, the production factor does not have a significant influence on the production, and the technology variable has the highest beta coefficient of 0.462. For betta fish farming, production factors have no significant effect on production variable and capital variables have the highest beta coefficient of 0.353 which means that production variables are heavily influenced by modal variables. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that out of all production factors, technology has the most influential likelihood on the marketing of freshwater ornamental fish.

Catfish farming is growing rapidly because the cultivation and marketing technology is relatively easy for the community to master, and the required business capital is relatively small. Pond water waste originating from fish metabolism and dissolved food waste is toxic to fish. One of the efforts that can be done is fish farming that is integrated with plants through an aquaponics system. Research to determine the effect of AB Mix addition on the growth of African catfish and lettuce cultivated by the aquaponics system. The research method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments and three replications. The addition of AB mixed nutrition did not differ in the growing significance of catfish and lettuce. However, the increase in growth occurred with an increasing dosage of AB mix with the best treatment with AB Mix 3 mL L-1. This treatment resulted in absolute growth in fish of 20.52 g and 4.62 g of watercress. The use of a dosage of AB mix higher than 3 mL L-1 may result in better growth.