Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the choice of grafting options post apicectomy procedure by various endodontists. Methodology: In the present descriptive survey, 8 questions were asked from 50 Endodontists, regarding the treatment options in cases of periapical pathologies as well as graft material preference after the apicoectomy procedure was performed. They were asked for usability, economics, long term healing of periapical region related with post apicoectomy graft placement. Results: 49.5% of participants preferred calcium hydroxyapatite as a graft material as compared to bone granules or PRP. It was also noted that radiographic resolution and improved trabecular pattern in peri-radicular area was the most important aspect that endodontists look into while looking at healing of periapical lesion (1.43 ±1.002). Most stable graft according to 61% of participants were autologous transplants- bone granules as well as calcium hydroxyapatite (1.422±1.02). Conclusion: Endodontists preferred calcium hydroxyapatite or bone grafts, which has more stable long-term results.

Introduction- The continuum emerging viral diseases are a threat to mankind and moreover are a serious concern to the public health. The current lethal COVID‑19, a SARS‑CoV‑2 is a highly contagious disease, which propagated quickly all over the world. Similar to other influenza‑like viral infections, symptoms such as fever, dry cough, myalgia, arthralgia, headache, diarrhea, dyspnea, and fatigue were reported among COVID‑19 patients. Evidence suggests that the oral cavity is affected by this virus either directly or indirectly. Aim & Objective- The aim of this observational study was to determine the oral manifestations among COVID‑19 patients.  Materials and Methods- A questionnaire‑based cross‑sectional study was carried out among the patients recovered from COVID‑19. A sample of 120 subjects, diagnosed as mild and moderate cases of COVID‑19 disease were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results-The study comprised an almost equal number of male (64%) and female (56%) participants and among them, 48% belong to the health professional group.Approximately 55% of subjects were aged above 35 years and 45% below 35 years.

Introduction: The rotary systems have found a common application in the clinical practice for the endodontic therapies. Hence, we compared three recent endodontic systems for the comparison of the dentine removal and the apical transportation particularly in the curved canals. Methods: Oneshape, Pro Taper Next, and Edgefile X3 were the three systems that were compared. Thirty maxillary mesio buccal canals of the human permanent teeth were compared due to its curved nature. The volume of dentin removed and apical transportation (mm) were measured using micro-computed tomographic imaging (mm). Both the coronal section and the entire canal length had their dentin removed in accordance with measurements. Total dentine removed, coronal dentine removed, and the canal transportations were compared for the three rotary file systems. The values were compared with appropriate statistical tests for evaluating the significance. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the three file systems for the dentin removed. The mean canal transportation was 0.33 ± 0.12, 0.21 ± 0.25, and 0.23 ± 0.21 mm, respectively, for Oneshape, Pro Taper Next, and Typhoon CM. In terms of statistics, there were no appreciable variations among the three rotary tools for apical transfer. Conclusions: The three rotary systems were comparable for the apical transportation and the dentine removal. Despite variations in the magnitude of apical enlargements, none of the instrumentation methods detected apical transportation.

Background: Dental, fingerprints and DNA comparisons are most common techniques used in identification of an individual. Establishing the identity of an individual was one of the challenges faced by forensic in earlier days. The concept of "identity" is a set of physical characteristics, functional or psychic, normal or pathological- that define an individual. The present study was conducted to study the correlation of lip prints, fingerprints and mandibular intercanine distance for the gender determination. Material & methods: The study was conducted among 400 participants (200 males and 200 females) aged between 18 and 25 years, in department of Oral Pathology of the Institute of dental sciences, Sehora, Jammu. Cheiloscopy, fingerprint analysis, and mandibular canine index (MCI) were performed in each participant to investigate the accuracy in gender determination. The results of all the three parameters were collected and a correlation between each pair of the parameters was statistically done using univariate ANOVA test. Results: With regard to lip print pattern, Type II lip print was found to be predominant in males (35.5) and in both(33) whereas Type I was predominant in females (32).

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation into simulated lateral canals and the apical third in straight and curved root canals. Material and methods: Two simulated lateral canals were created 2, 4 and 6 mm from the working length in 120 single‑rooted teeth (6 canals/tooth, n = 360 straight, n = 360 curved). The teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: positive pressure irrigation (PPI) (n = 20); passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) (n = 20); continuous apical negative ultrasonic irrigation (CANUI) (n = 20). 20% Chinese ink was added to a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and delivered into the root canals. Results: The results showed a significantly higher(P < 0.05) penetration of irrigant into the lateral canals and up to working length in the CANUI group for straight and curved roots. Conclusion: CANUI improves penetration into the lateral canals and up to the working length of the cleared teeth in straight and curved roots.