COA-Cl is a newly synthesized adenosine analogue that exhibits various physiological activities. Its angiogenic, neurotropic, and neuroprotective potencies make it promising for the development of medicines. In this study, we show Raman spectroscopic study of COA-Cl to elucidate molecular vibrations and related chemical properties. Density functional theory calculations were combined with the Raman spectroscopic data to understand the details of each vibrational mode. Comparative analysis with adenine, adenosine, and other nucleic acid analogues enabled identification of unique Raman peaks originating from the cyclobutane moiety and chloro group of COA-Cl. This study provides fundamental knowledge and crucial insights for further development of COA-Cl and related chemical species.