In this study, the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of an internal defect introduced in the welded region of an aluminum plate has been demonstrated by photoacoustic microscopy (PAM). The internal defect is a blowhole and an incomplete fusion, which were formed in the weld metal during welding. Experiments were carried out at different modulation frequencies. Furthermore, a stereoscopic image of the fractured specimen was obtained by destructive inspection using scanning laser microscopy (SLM) and compared with a photoacoustic (PA) amplitude image. The size of the internal weld defect measured by both methods was approximately the same.

Based on the scaling rule: R(T, H, 6) = R(T, h ) , where h = H(sin2 6 + cos2 8/y2)'/2 and 6 is field angle with respect to the ab-plane, the scaling approach is performed to examine the c-axis resistances of single crystalline La1.86Sro.14CuO4 as functions of field and its orientation at different temperatures. The anisotropy parameter 7 of the system is extracted from the scaling approach, but shows an unusual temperaturedependent behavior, which is not expected by conventional theory. A phenomenological explanation of this temperature dependence is presented. PACC: 7425; '7460E; 74201)

The radial Hartree-Fock equations for all atomic systems up to neon are solved by perturbation methods to first order in powers of the nuclear charge.

In this study, the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of an internal defect in the weld metal of an aluminum plate has been demonstrated using a photoacoustic microscope (PAM). The internal defect was fabricated inside of a metal plate by welding. The NDE of the position and size of the internal defect was carried out using the PAM. In addition, X-ray tomographic imaging was also carried out for comparison with the obtained PAM images. The depth direction and size of the internal defects were obtained from photoacoustic (PA) amplitude images and the signal intensity distribution.

The nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of a surface crack and an internal defect introduced in the welded region of an aluminum plate has been demonstrated by photoacoustic microscopy. The surface crack and internal defect are a blowhole and an incomplete fusion, which were formed in the weld metal during welding. Experiments were carried out at different modulation frequencies. Furthermore, to gather information on the internal defect, the measurement of the size and shape of the weld defect was carried out by the replica technique. A stereoscopic image of the replica specimen was compared with a photoacoustic (PA) amplitude image.