Estimation of level contamination of marine ecosystems with heavy metals is important task in the field of MSFD. Total zooplankton samples were collected using a standard zooplankton net (mesh size=112 µm, mouth diameter=50 cm) from Sinop coast of the Black Sea, Turkey in 2011 and 2012. Concentrations of Al, As, Cu, Zn, Hg, Fe, Cd and Pb were determined in the total zooplankton samples. The average concentration of heavy metals followed order: Fe > Al >Zn > Pb > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. Estimated Hg was below the detection limit among all heavy metals in all samples. Fe was the most common heavy metal in total zooplankton samples present in all, Al was the other heavy metal commonly present in the samples. Pb showed high value (210 mg • kg-1) in total zooplankton. Similar to Pb, a high average concentration of As (40 mg • kg-1) was observed in total zooplankton. Cd was 1.1 mg • kg-1 .
The spatial distribution pattern and transportation of heavy metals in sediments (up to 10 cm) were studied along Sinop peninsula of the southern Black Sea. The influences of anthropogenic metals pollution in surface sediments of Sinop Peninsula in the Black Sea were assayed by using I geo. Metal contents were significantly correlated each other. Heavy metal concentrations showed a significant relationship with Fe content, while most heavy metals were not enriched. The levels of most metals at all stations were lower than the contents indicated by the sediment quality.
The concentrations of heavy metals arsenic, copper, zinc, mercury, cadmium and lead were estimated in muscle tissue of commercially the most important marine fish Engraulis encrasicolus collected from the south coast of the Black Sea, Turkey and Georgia during fish season in 2013. Cu, Hg, Cd and Pb were not detected in the edible part of anchovy. Zinc shows negative correlation with fat content while no effect of fat content was observed for arsenic accumulation in anchovy. The ranges of Zn and As concentrations were found between 8.6-13 and 0.41-0.69 mg/kg, respectively. Concentrations of As and Zn in the anchovy samples were not elevated the tolerance levels of national and international guidelines. None of the values in edible tissues exceeded the standard guideline values and would pose no health hazards for consumers.Keywords: Black Sea, Engraulis encrasicolus, heavy metals, Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI). Biyomonitör Olarak Karadeniz Hamsisinin (Engraulis encrasicolus) Ağır Metal Düzeyleri ve İnsan Sağlığına Potansiyel Riski ÖzetÇalışmada 2013 yılı avcılık sezonunda güney Karadeniz'in Türkiye ve Gürcistan kıyılarından toplanan en önemli ticari deniz balığı Engraulis encrasicolus türünün kas dokusunda ağır metallerden arsenik, bakır, çinko, cıva, kadmiyum ve kurşun konsantrasyonları tahmin edilmiştir. Hamsinin yenilebilir dokusunda Cu, Hg, Cd ve Pb tespit edilememiştir. Hamside biriken çinko yağ miktarı ile negatif korelasyon gösterirken arsenik birikiminin yağ miktarı ile herhangi bir etkisi gözlenmemiştir. Zn ve As miktarları sırasıyla 8.6-13 ve 0.41-0.69 mg/kg arasında bulunmuştur. Hamsi örneklerindeki As ve Zn konsantrasyonları ulusal ve uluslararası yönergelerce verilen tolerans düzeylerinden daha yüksek değerlerde bulunmamıştır. Yenilebilir dokulardaki hiçbir değer standart yönetmeliklerde belirtilen değerleri aşmamış ve tüketiciler için hiçbir sağlık tehlikesi oluşturmamıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Karadeniz, Engraulis encrasicolus, ağır metaller, Haftalık Tolere Edilebilir Miktar (PTWI).
The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of eight heavy metals (aluminium, arsenic, copper, zinc, mercury, iron, cadmium and lead) in the muscle tissue of Red mullet (Mullus barbatus), Whiting (Merlangius merlangus), Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) and Golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) caught from Sinop coast of the Black Sea during fishing season in 2012 and 2013. Metal analyses in fish were performed using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled PlasmaMass Spectrometer).The levels of Al, Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu in all fish species except T. mediterraneus for Cu were below the limit of detections. Mean Cu level in Mediterranean horse mackerel was 0.67 mg/kg wet wt. Highest value of Zn (24.7 mg/kg wet wt) was also found in the T. mediterraneus which were about 7-8.5 times more than the other species.L. aurata have the highest Fe value (3.2 mg/kg wet wt), but have the lowest As value (0.25 mg/kg wet wt.) compared with the other fish species. The levels of As for M. barbatus were high (1.3 mg/kg wet wt.) and followed by M. merlangus (1.24 mg/kg wet wt).The concentrations of the studied heavy metals were far below the established values by the Turkish Food Codex and Commission Regulation (EC). Therefore, their contribution to the total body burden of these heavy metals can be considered as negligibly small. Keywords: Black Sea, heavy metal, Mullus barbatus, Merlangius merlangus, Trachurus mediterraneus, Liza aurata. Karadeniz'in Sinop Kıyılarında (Türkiye) Yakalanan Dört Ticari Balıkta Ağır Metal Düzeyleri ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı 2012-2013 balıkçılık sezonunda Karadeniz'in Sinop kıyılarından yakalanan barbun (Mullus barbatus), mezgit (Merlangius merlangus), istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus) ve altınbaş kefal (Liza aurata) balıklarının kas dokularında sekiz ağır metalin (alüminyum, arsenik, bakır, çinko, cıva, demir, kadmiyum ve kurşun) düzeylerini değerlendirmektir. Balıklardaki metal analizleri ICP-MS (endüktif eşleşmiş plazma -kütle spektrometresi) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. T. mediterraneus türündeki Cu miktarı hariç tüm balık türlerindeki Al, Hg, Cd, Pb ve Cu düzeyleri ölçüm düzeylerinin altında bulunmuştur. İstavritteki ortalama Cu miktarı 0.67 mg/kg yaş ağırlıktır. En yüksek Zn (24,7 mg/kg yaş ağırlık) yine T. mediterraneus türünde bulunmuş olup diğer türlerdeki değerlerden 7-8,5 kez daha fazladır. Diğer türler ile karşılaştırıldığında L. aurata türü en yüksek Fe (3,2 mg/kg yaş ağırlık) ancak en düşük As (0,25 mg/kg yaş ağırlık) değerine sahiptir. M. barbatus türündeki As düzeyleri yüksek (1,3 mg/kg yaş ağırlık) olup bunu M. merlangustürü (1,24 mg/kg yaş ağırlık) izlemiştir. Çalışılan ağır metal konsantrasyonları Türk Gıda Kodeksi ve Avrupa Birliği Tüzüğü'nce belirlenen değerlerin oldukça altında bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle, bu ağır metallerin toplam vücut yükündeki payının önemsenmeyecek kadar küçük olarak nitelendirilebilir.
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