The fowl pox vector expressing the tumor associated antigens MUC1 and CEA in the context of costimulatory molecules (rF-PANVAC) has shown promise as a tumor vaccine. However, vaccine mediated expansion of suppressor T cell populations may blunt clinical efficacy. We characterized the cellular immune response induced by ex-vivo dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with (rF)-PANVAC. Consistent with the functional characteristics of potent antigen presenting cells, rF-PANVAC-DCs demonstrated strong expression of MUC1 and CEA and costimulatory molecules, CD80, CD86, and CD83; decreased levels of phosphorylated STAT3, and increased levels of Tyk2, JAK2 and STAT1. rF-PANVAC-DCs stimulated expansion of tumor antigen specific T cells with potent cytolytic capacity. However, rF-PANVAC transduced DCs also induced the concurrent expansion of FOXP3 expressing CD4+CD25+high regulatory T cells (Tregs) that inhibited T cell activation. Moreover, Tregs expressed high levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-10, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) together with phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT6. In contrast, the vaccine expanded Treg population expressed high levels of Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFNγ and the proinflammatory RORγt and IL-17A suggesting that these cells may share effector functions with conventional TH17 T cells. These data suggest that Tregs expanded by rF-PANVAC-DCs, exhibit immunosuppressive properties potentially mediated by Th2 cytokines, but simultaneous expression of Th1 and Th17 associated factors suggests a high degree of plasticity.
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el análisis DAFO de la comercialización de la liga Premier de bádminton. Fue un estudio descriptivo-analítico. La población estadística incluyó 120 individuos que fueron expertos, reporteros, entrenadores y supervisores y vicepresidentes de las juntas provinciales, entre los cuales se seleccionaron 92 individuos como la muestra del estudio mediante un método de muestreo aleatorio estratificado. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo utilizando un cuestionario DAFO diseñado por un investigador que fue confirmado por 10 expertos universitarios y académicos. La confiabilidad del cuestionario se confirmó en base a un estudio primario en 30 individuos (alfa de Cronbach α = 0,88). Los resultados indicaron que la comercialización del bádminton de primera división tuvo 10 puntos fuertes, 10 puntos débiles y 10 amenazas, y se recomienda que se utilicen las oportunidades para convertir las amenazas en oportunidades y las debilidades en fortalezas para tener una liga más dinámica. The present study was aimed at SWOT analysis of the marketing of badminton premier league. It was a descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population included 120 individuals who were experts, reporters, coaches and supervisors, and vice-presidents of the provincial boards among whom 92 individuals were selected as the study sample by a stratified random sampling method. Data collection was carried out using a researcher-designed SWOT questionnaire that was confirmed by 10 university and academic experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed based on a primary study on 30 individuals (Cronbach’s Alpha α=0.88). The results indicated that marketing of badminton premier league had 10 strengths, 10 weaknesses, and 10 threats, and it is recommended that opportunities should be utilized to turn threats to opportunity and weaknesses to strengths in order to have a more dynamic league.
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