This experiment was conducted to reveal genetic diversity among 38 genotypes of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) using RAPD markers. The population consisted of 8 genotypes from Australia, 7 from Africa, 10 from America, and 13 from Asia. Genetic similarity was ranging from 17% to 97% , with the average of 57%. UPGMA dendrograms divided the population into three major groups i.e. group 1, 2, and 3 which consisted of 23, 10, and 5 genotypes, respectively. Each major group comprised genotypes of different geographical origins. The dendrogram divided each group into some subgroups. There were 8 subgroups i.e. 4 subgroups in group 1, 2 subgroups in group 2, and 2 subgroups in group 3. Some genotypes of same geographical origin were clustered into in at least 3 different subgroups, meaning that they were genetically dissimilar. On the other hand, some other genotypes of different geographical origin were clustered into the same subgroup, meaning that they were genetically similar. This data would help sugarcane breeders to select parents for hybridization in order to maximize heterosis. This could be conducted by selecting parents of dissimilar genotypes.

Abstract. Widyastuti RAD, Budiarto R, Warganegara HA, Timotiwu PB, Listiana I, Yanfika H. 2022. Short Communication: ‘Crystal’ guava fruit quality in response to altitude variation of growing location. Biodiversitas 23: 1546-1552. ‘Crystal’ guava is a popular fruit with high demand due to its delicious taste and super nutritious content. This study aimed to analyze the fruit production and quality of ‘Crystal’ guava in response to different altitudes of growing location, i.e., highland and lowland in the tropics. Ten individual guava trees were maintained in a nested design by small-scale farmers in both lowland (Brajaselebah orchard, 25 m asl) and highland (Gunung Batu orchard, 1000 m asl). The result showed that the altitude of the growing location affected the plant production and fruit quality of ‘Crystal’ guava. Although there was no significant difference in vegetative and generative shoot numbers among the two growing locations, there was a tendency for a dominant generative shoot in highland. Lowland orchards produced a significantly heavier fruit compared to highland orchards. ‘Crystal’ guava tree was able to produce 41 to 46 fruits per tree with a total fruit production of about 8.69 to 9.21 kg per tree. The significantly lower incidence of fruit smoothness in lowland compared to highland was affected by a significantly higher incidence of fruit scars in the lowland. Guava fruit from the lowland had a significantly higher TSS, while fruit from the highland contained a significantly higher vitamin C than lowland.

This experiment was conducted to reveal genetic diversity among 38 genotypes of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) using RAPD markers. The population consisted of 8 genotypes from Australia, 7 from Africa, 10 from America, and 13 from Asia. Genetic similarity was ranging from 17% to 97% , with the average of 57%. UPGMA dendrograms divided the population into three major groups i.e. group 1, 2, and 3 which consisted of 23, 10, and 5 genotypes, respectively. Each major group comprised genotypes of different geographical origins. The dendrogram divided each group into some subgroups. There were 8 subgroups i.e. 4 subgroups in group 1, 2 subgroups in group 2, and 2 subgroups in group 3. Some genotypes of same geographical origin were clustered into in at least 3 different subgroups, meaning that they were genetically dissimilar. On the other hand, some other genotypes of different geographical origin were clustered into the same subgroup, meaning that they were genetically similar. This data would help sugarcane breeders to select parents for hybridization in order to maximize heterosis. This could be conducted by selecting parents of dissimilar genotypes.

Shallot is one of important horticultural crops in Indonesia; shallot consumption per capita is estimated to be 4.6 kg per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer on the production of shallot in Sukabanjar village, Pesawaran, Lampung, Indonesia. The study was set up using a randomized completely block design with two factors, biofertilizers and various organic fertilizers, i.e. cow manure, chicken manure, rice straw compost, oyster mushroom baglog.  Our study demonstrated that combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly increased the number, diameter, and fresh and dry weight of tubers of “Bima Brebes” shallot. Shallots treated with biofertilizer combined with oyster mushroom baglog produced the highest tuber yield of 1788 g compared to 282 g in the control.

Fruit quality is an important aspect that requires attention and more study when it comes to commercializing tropical fruits, including guava ‘Kristal’. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bagging treatment and altitude of growing orchard on fruit quality of guava (Psidium guajava var. ‘Kristal’). This study was conducted at two local orchards managed by small-scale farmers, at Gunung Batu (1000 meters above sea level, m asl) and Brajaselebah (25 m asl), Lampung Province, Indonesia. A nested design was applied to test 5 types of bagging treatments and 2 levels of land altitude. Fruit quality was assessed by measuring both physical and chemical characteristics. Fruit size indicated by fruit weight and diameter was significantly larger in lowland compared to highland. The total soluble solids (TSS) were significantly higher in the lowland compared to the highland, while titratable acid (TA) showed an opposite result. Vitamin C of the fruits varied from140 to 146 mg per 100 g.  Different types of fruit bagging and land altitudes did not affect the physical and chemical characteristics of “Kristal” guava fruits. Fruit scar intensity was higher in lowland, especially in fruit without bagging. Fruit bagging is highly recommended for farmers due to the success of this treatment to reduce fruit scar intensity, thus resulting in good fruit quality, irrespective of the growing locations.