The study of emotions has always been a matter for philosophers and psychologists. The purpose of this research is to identify and categorize children with autism disorder using diagnosis of the faces emotion in eight states (neutral, anger, ridicule, hate, fear, happiness, sadness and wonder). The method of this research is descriptive-analytic. To collect samples from 80 children with autism disorder, we take images in each of the 8 cases. MATLAB software has been used to analyse photos accurately. The results show that children who are in first group according to DSM-5, they have at least six mode of the listed eight modes. Children who are in the second category of DSM-5, they experience between three to five feelings. It is also observed that children who are in the third category according to DSM-5, can experience only one to two feelings.

The purpose of this research was to standardize the self-reported domestic violence scale. 530 participants were randomly selected via clustered sampling methods from married students of The Islamic Azad University of district 8 in Iran. According to this scale, a total score was measured for domestic violence and also, based on exploratory factor analysis, 2 scores were measured for two dimensions of domestic violence, and these dimensions are: 1) Psycho-physical violence, 2) Control violence (sexual, economic, coercive violence). The reliability of this test was measured with internal consistency (α = 0.915) and the test retest method (r = 0.987). The criterion validity of this scale was significant and this scale had a significant relationship with the quality of marital life test. This scale can be used by psychologists and researchers for diagnostic assessment, intervening programs and identification of domestic violence dimensions.Keywords: Domestic Violence Scale; Psycho-Physical Violence; Control Violence; Standardization;Reliability; Validity IntroductionThe term "domestic violence" which is sometimes called family violence is an interpersonal violence including the aggressive behaviour and actions between family members and it may happen among couples, children, parents, old people, sisters and/or brothers (Hollin & Bloxsom, 2007). Violence towards an intimate partner (IPV) is a global phenomenon that happens in many areas of the world (Campbell, 2003). IPV is a pattern of behaviours with compulsion that may include physical harm, psychological abuse, sexual annoyance, prevention of social relationships with family and friends, isolating and confining the partner from any social relationships, prosecution, privation, humiliation or threat (Family Violence Prevention, 1999). Violence towards the spouse has destructive consequences on the family climate and children, and it often takes place in four forms:A. Physical violence towards the spouse includes actions such as an attack with a weapon, pushing, punching, slapping, kicking and throwing objects at the spouse; this can happen bilaterally between the couples.B. Psychological abuse in domestically relationships, also referred to as emotional abuse, is characterized by several dimensions. These dimensions include threatening behavior: implicit or explicit, denigrating damage or under-mining a victim's self image or self esteem, passive aggressive withholding of emotional support and nurturance, restricting personal territory and freedom (Mariuro, 2001). The psychological abuse often does not occur clearly and it may have longitudinal and disruptive effects on victims.C. Sexual violence includes the unexpected sexual relationship such as hard or unusual and harsh sexual behaviours, forced sexual activities and the pressure to have sex.D. Financial or economic violence includes behaviour such as maintaining control over finance, creating a barrier to spending money, withholding access to money, making the victim financially dependent, not allowing the vi...

Background: Individuals with alexithymia have a limited ability to adapt to stressful situations, leading to high levels of psychological distress, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of insecure attachment in psychological distress within Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran in 2020 by mediating alexithymia. Methods: The structural equation modeling (SEM) was used as the primary research method in this study. The study population included all university students between 20- and 40-years old studying at the Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran in the 2019 - 20 academic year. A total of 305 students was selected as samples using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. Several research tools were used, including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). The data were analyzed using a correlation matrix in SPSS statistical software Version 24 and structural equation modeling (SEM) in Amos-26. Results: The results indicated that the insecure attachment style had a direst positive effect on the states of psychological distress (anxiety, stress, and depression) (P < 0.001). Alexithymia also played a mediating role in insecure attachment affecting psychological distress (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Results revealed in the correlation between insecure attachment and states of psychological distress mediated by the alexithymia. Given the importance of attachment style and alexithymia in the development of anxiety, stress, and depression, therapists are recommended to take these variables into account.

Application of new technologies is an obvious effects of today world. Internet as a newborn tool of contemporary technology world, plays an important role in change of people's life. Internet now is a necessary tool of modern era which makes it an inevitable component of everyday life. The present study aims to investigate level of sense of loneliness, identity styles and Internet Problematic Use among students. This is a descriptive survey study whose statistical population is all of the students of Technical - Engineering Faculties of Islamic Azad University in 1394-95 (2015-2016) in Tehran, using Multistage Cluster sampling method. 3 questionnaires, sense of loneliness, identity styles and internet addiction, have been selected for gathering data. Data analysis have been carried out by SPSS software. The results indicate that sense of loneliness is higher than two other variances which in turn end in internet addiction and identity disorders.

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