Abstract The purpose of this research is to analyze the mathematics course self-efficacy perceptions of secondary school students studying in Azerbaijan and Türkiye in terms of various variables. The study groups of the research consisted of secondary school students aged 10-14. In the study, the Self-Efficacy Perception Scale Against Mathematics prepared by Umay was used. The results show, mathematics self-efficacy perceptions of secondary school students working in both countries in the research unit are close to each other and at a moderate level. While the self-efficacy perceptions of secondary school students in Azerbaijan do not differ according to the variables of gender, mother's employment status, father's employment status, mother's education level, father's education level, and socio-economic status, they differ in terms of contribution according to the age variable. Keywords: Mathematics; perception; self-efficacy.