Investigation of the primary products showed that the carbohydrates of Echinops spinosissimus, aerial parts were 23.23%, while the detected free and combined sugars were 9 free sugars and 13 combined sugars. The detected values of total nitrogen and total protein were 1.79% and 11.2%, respectively. Amino acid analyzer of total amino acids revealed the presence of 15 amino acids. The detected percentage of total lipid was 3.45%. Meanwhile GLC analysis revealed the presence of 6 saturated fatty acids and 2 unsaturated fatty acids. Further flavonoids of Echinops spinosissimus using HPLC revealed the presence of 22 compounds, with the major compounds Hespirtin (39.233 mg/100g), Hespiridin (34.589 mg/100g), Luteolin-6-arbinose-8-glucose (25.344 mg/100g), Apigenin-6-arbinose -8-glactose (23.049 mg/100g) and Apignin-6-glucose -8-rhamnose (20.083 mg/100g). While on using paper and TLC chromatographers revealed the separation and identification of 5 pure flavonoid compounds (apigenin, kampferol, hespiridin, hespirtin and rutin) and 2 phenolic acids (gallic acid and ferulic acid).Copy Right, IJAR, 2013,. All rights reserved.

For evaluation of different sowing dates and foliar fertilization effects on cultivated marigold, a factorial experiment with split plot design and three replications was carried out. Marigold (Calendula officinalis) was cultivated at Baloza Research Station, Desert Research Center, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt,during cropping seasons (2014/2015 and 2015/2016). Three sowing dates (15 September, 1 October and 15 October) and three foliar fertilization (Control, Ever Full Grow and Biomagic product) and their interaction were studied. Results showed that, sowing dates and foliar fertilization have significant effects on plant height, flower dry weight, primary metabolite constituents in marigold flowers such as (carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and lipids) and flavonoids as secondary metabolites when comparing with the estimated component of wild C. officinalis. However, the best interaction treatment was the sowing date at 1 October and biomagic, which gave a highly significant effect on evaluated traits compared to other ones. So, this treatment was chosen to investigate the separated primary and flavonoid compounds compared with wild plants. The obtained data declared that the highest concentrations of the separated free and combined sugars was inulin. Meanwhile the lysine was the highest percentages of the separated protein amino acids. On the other hand, the highest percentage of fatty acids was palmitic acid. Investigation of flavonoids using HPLC analysis revealed that the plant contained 22 flavonoids compounds in the best interaction treatment and wild C. officinalis. It was noticed that, the obtained major compounds for the chosen cultivated plants were Apigenin-6-arbinose-8-glactose (169.790mg/100g), Hespiridin (102.330mg/100g) and Luteolin-6-arbinose-8-glucose (85.565mg/100g). While the obtained major flavonoids compounds for the wild C. officinalis were Hespirtin(117.340 mg/100g), Luteolin-6-arbinose-8-glucose (21.587 mg/100g) and Apignin-6-glucose-8rhamnose (11.778 mg/100g).