Spherical Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 powders were prepared from the aqueous acetate-base solution by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The raw materials were Pb(C2H302)'3H20, ZrO(C2H302)2 and a mixture of Ti(C3HTO)4 and C5H702. A single-phase PZT was formed at 900~ in air and at 700 ~ in 02 atmosphere. The PbTiO3 phase, as an intermediate product, was observed in the formation of PZT and no PbZrO3 phase was detected under our experimental conditions. The intensity of the PbTiO3 peak decreased with increasing reaction temperature in air, while the reverse effect of reaction temperat~ure was observed in 02. Spherical and irregular-shaped particles coexisted in the powder containing the minor PbTiO3 phase, while the particles of a single-phase PZT have spherical morphology with little evidence of irregular-shaped particle formation.

The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical and practical implications through the meta－analysis on the relationship between leadership and followership. This study meta-analyzed 88 research paper on leadership and followership variables for members of domestic organizations from 2000 to 2021. The major findings are as follows: First, The effect size between the followership and the leadership model was found in the order of authentic leadership, ethical leadership, and servant leadership. Although there were many studies that set the variables of transactional leadership and transformational leadership, the effect size with followership was not high. Second, the leadership component factors with the highest followership and effect size was individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, and ideal influence. Through this, it can be seen that the follower-centered approach is effective for leadership with high followership and effect size. This study has practical significance in that it presents a leadership model and component factors that affect followership by analyzing the effect size as an investigation into the study of leadership and followership variable setting conducted in Korea. In addition, it has academic significance in that it suggests the necessity and implications of a relational view of leadership and followership.