A sandwich-type immunosensor composed of antigen-double target/probe DNA-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs) was developed for the measurement of fluorescence intensity and quantitative analysis of single-stranded DNA based on the concentration of free glyphosate. The reaction between the antigen-double DNA-gold NPs and immobilized antibody on the substrate was carried out for 2 h. The results of the antigen-antibody reaction were measured on the basis of the fluorescence intensity obtained from comparison with the free antigens at concentrations of 0.01-100 μg mL(-1) for the detection of immobilized antigen-double DNA-gold NPs. For the quantitative analysis based on the concentration of glyphosate(0.01-100 μg mL(-1)), the immunosensor response also revealed the same detection range of glyphosate using DNA detection.

An energy device using an all solid-state microsupercapacitor (MSC) has to play the roles of both a current collector and an electrode material, as well as demonstrating properties of high charge storage, conductivity, and flexibility.

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