Non‐recurrent Laryngeal nerve is constantly associated with Arteria Lusoria. Knowing this association is the basis of predicting this condition preoperatively. Ultrasonography assessment before thyroid and parathyroid surgery should include identification of brachiocephalic trunk division. Absence of its visualization indicates Arteria Lusoria and then non‐recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Non recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is an extremely rare entity constantly associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery also called arteria lusoria. Knowing this association can help predicting a NRLN preoperatively and thus to prevent its injury. We present two patients in whome this association was proven.