These data give insight into mechanisms of in vivo humoral recognition of post-translationally modified structures. Humoral IgG immune response to carbamylated proteins is suggested to play a role in conditions leading to enhanced carbamylation, such as uremia and smoking.

Abstract. Kastarinen M, Juutilainen A, Kastarinen H, Salomaa V, Karhapää P, Tuomilehto J, Grönhagen-Riska C, Jousilahti P, Finne P. (Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki; University of Helsinki, Helsinki; South Ostrobotnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki; Finnish Registry for Kidney Diseases, Helsinki; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki; and University of Tampere, Tampere; Finland). Risk factors for endstage renal disease in a community-based population: 26-year follow-up of 25 821 men and women in eastern Finland. J Intern Med 2010; 267: 612-620.Background and objective. There are very few European cohort studies assessing the risk factors of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a community-based population. This study investigated the predictors of ESRD in Finland.

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