Digital Human Resource Management (HRM) is a digital transformation of HR practices and processes through the use of electronic media, mobile, analytics and information technology (IT) to make HRM more efficient. In other words, digital HRM is basically doing or managing all the human resource work using soft technologies, applications and internet. Digitization or digital transformation is something that all the organizations have to bring in order to be efficient and relevance in future. Otherwise they will lag behind other organizations in the market industry. This study reviews of several studies and discuss about the concept and various aspects of the digital HRM. This study mainly relied on secondary data only. The findings would be important for organization in assisting them to implement digital HRM effectively and thus improve their performance. In addition, the findings would be able to help researchers by providing the basis to understand the impact of digital HR on organizational performance.

Competitiveness is the key factor for manufacturing SMEs to increase the Malaysia economy. Competency of manufacturers to react with the changes driven industry 4.0 is now becomes imperative for the manufacturers to sustain Competitiveness. Hence, the main objective for this study is to assess the competitiveness levels, as well as to examine the relationship between industry 4.0 and Competitiveness, the function of industry 4.0 as mediating role. Specifically, the study integrates internal factor which are individual factors that consist of entrepreneurial orientation (innovativeness), organizational factor that consist of intellectual capital (structural capital) and external factor which is institutional factors, whereas SMEs competitiveness is treated as the dependent variable. The theories used to link all the mediating and independent variable is Resource-Based View (RBV) and Institutional theory. The study is quantitative based via survey questionnaire and responded by 162 SMEs manufacturers and analyses were carried out using SPSS and Smart-PLS software. This paper is one of the initial attempts to draw the attention towards the important role of management practices in industry 4.0, as most of the recent studies are discussing the technological aspect. This paper also suggests empirical and quantitative investigation on these management approaches in the context of industry 4.0. Through the finding, manufacturing SMEs are clearly aware and understand the engaging industry 4.0 to sustain the important of competitiveness in their business performance.

Work stress has been identified as a major factor affecting company's success because it affects the productivity and efficiency of the employees. In Malaysia, in light of industrial revolution 4.0 (IR4.0), work stress has been observed to continue happening within the construction industry even though they begin using advancement of technology to help ease employees related tasks. This study examines whether the factors suggested in the theory of Job Demand, Control and Support (JDCS) determine work stress of employees in the construction industry. A survey was carried out on a group of safety and health practitioners in the construction industry they play an essential role in enhancing efficiency on the wellbeing arrangements of the workplace. Statistical analyses carried out on the three variables, namely the, job demand, job control and job support determined work stress. The findings indicate the importance and usefulness of the JDCS theory in explaining why employees experience work stress. The findings imply the need of how IR4.0 could cope with the three determinants in their workplace; namely, to cope with their job demand as well to enable them to believe that they have all the control and support they need to perform their work without stress.

In today’s advanced technology world, electronic devices are playing a key role in modern semiconductor products to improve the energy proficiency. These devices are required to be contamination free especially on the bond pad with good adhesion before wire bonding process at the back end. Contamination on the bond pad leads to reliability issues such as pad corrosion, delamination and failure leading to leakage and open fails of electronic devices. Therefore, detection accuracy and sensibility of contamination is important. Auger analysis is the most suitable technique to check bond pad contamination. Auger electron spectroscopy has the capability of analyzing compositional information with excellent spatial resolution. However, charging, noise or artifact is known to be a major concern to the characterization of insulating materials. This paper outlines the strategy that has been utilized to minimize the artifact, noise or charging impact for Auger investigation on a smaller bond pad surrounded by imide passivation layers. The imide passivation layer normally causes the charging effect during Auger analysis, which makes the Auger analysis difficult to be proceed. In addition to that, the charging effect leads to inaccurate analysis. In this paper, we demonstrate a sample preparation method to minimize the charging and artifact of Auger analysis especially for small bond pads.

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