Background The determination of primary or secondary dengueinfection using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test is time-con-suming. The IgG to IgM ratio which can be obtained earlier wasused by several studies to differentiate secondary from primaryinfection, but they still reported various cut-off points.Objective To find the diagnostic value and best cut off point ofIgG to IgM ratio for predicting secondary dengue infection.Methods This was a prospective study carried out between July2003 and June 2004. Children with suspected dengue hemor-rhagic fever (DHF) were tested for HI during acute and convales-cent phase. The IgG and IgM titer were examined during the acutephase using ELISA method.Results Sixty-two children were recruited, 48 with secondary in-fection and 14 with primary infection. The prevalence of second-ary infection was 77%. The best cut off point of the IgG to IgM ratioto predict secondary infection was >1.1 with sensitivity of 87.5%,specificity 92.9%, likelihood ratio 12.3, and post test probability97.7%.Conclusion The IgG to IgM ratio of >1.1 is a good predictor forsecondary infection

Alergi makanan adalah bagian dari reaksi simpang makanan yang didasari proses imunologis.Berbagai mekanisme pertahanan saluran cerna baik imunologik dan non imunologikmemegang peran penting dalam mencegah terjadinya alergi makanan. Berdasarkan prosesimun yang mendasari, terjadinya alergi makanan dibedakan menjadi tiga jalur yakni reaksiyang diperantarai IgE (IgE mediated), yang tidak diperantarai IgE (non-IgE mediated),dan mekanisme campuran yang melibatkan IgE dan non IgE. Gejala gastro intestinalakibat alergi makanan sangat bervariasi dari perasaaan nyeri, mual, muntah, diare,malabsorpsi dan kehilangan protein hingga terjadi gangguan pertumbuhan. Umumnyaalergi makanan akan menghilang pada umur 5-6 tahun kecuali, kacang tanah dan alergiterhadap sejenis ikan laut dan kerang-kerangan

Mining operations in areas with the potential for landslides require careful analysis of the risks that will occur so that the consequences of losses can be anticipated early with the approach to predicting the volume of landslide material. This study aims to evaluate and predict materials that are at risk of slope failures on the slopes of the PT. TMR mining located in Bengalon East Kutai District of East Kalimantan Province. The method used is to collect geological data, soil shear strength parameters and earthquake factors and the influence of groundwater on the body of the slope. Estimation of the predicted volume of slope failures based on the area of each slip surface is calculated using the prismoidal cross section method and multiplied by the probability of slope failures. The results show estimated volume of 122,298 m3 if the slope failure is caused by saturated slope conditions and 2,438 m3 if the slope failure is caused by a semi-saturated slope.

Background Airway hyper-responsiveness (AH) is a common char-acteristic of asthma. Patient who has recurrent chronic cough withAH is commonly referred as “cough variant asthma”. Histamineprovocation test should be performed to determine whether a pa-tient has “cough variant asthma” or recurrent viral bronchitis.Objective To determine AH prevalence in children with recurrentchronic cough and factors associated with it.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on 6-12 year-oldchildren with recurrent chronic cough at the Pediatrics OutpatientClinic, Sanglah Hospital Denpasar from September 2002 until June2003Results Twenty one out of 64 (33%) subjects suffering from recur-rent chronic cough without wheezing had AH. Associated factorssignificantly associated with AH were age, allergic rhinitis, pater-nal and maternal history of atopy, passive smoking, use of mos-quito-coil, positive skin prick test, and eosinophilia. Spearman cor-relation analysis between associated factors and AH showed thatpositive skin prick test and passive smoking were moderately cor-related with AH (r=0.56, p<0.0001; r=0.57, p<0.0001, respectively),whereas multivariate regression logistic analysis on associatedfactors found true associated factors, such as positive skin pricktest (p=0.01; OR=14.82), history of atopy in father (p=0.02;OR=22.75), and passive smoking (p=0.03; OR=11.97).Conclusions The prevalence of airway hyper-responsiveness inchildren with recurrent chronic cough without history of wheezingwas 33%. Independent associated factors of AH in recurrent chroniccough children are positive skin prick test, history of atopy in fa-ther, and passive smoking

BackgroundIn the past, cardiovascular involvement did not seem to be a common complication of HIV, but in recent years it has been described more frequently. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the symptoms of cardiac disease has changed, as the number of HIV-infected patients with abnormal diastolic parameters has increased significantly, often presenting as symptomatic rather than asymptomatic. Objective To analyze for a possible correlation between HAART duration and left ventricular diastolic function in HIV-infected children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from . Subjects with HAART were collected using a consecutive sampling method. The following data were recorded for each subject: age, sex, current stage of HIV, CD4+ level, as well as HAART regimen and duration of use. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed for tissue doppler imaging (TDI) of diastolic function. Spearman's test was used to analyze the strength of correlation based on normality test results. Results This study involved 53 subjects, 21 of whom had impaired diastolic function. There was no correlation between HAART duration and diastolic function in children with HIV infection (r= -0.03; P=0.82). Conclusion Diastolic dysfunction is found in children under HAART treatment, but there is no correlation between HAART treatment duration and diastolic dysfunction. [Paediatr Indones. 2019;59:139-43; doi: http://dx.doi.