Mastoid mucosal biofilm could be seen in patients with COM with or without cholesteatoma. The role of mastoid biofilm in the development of cholesteatoma should be studied further.
Direct detection of biofilm in laryngeal biopsy specimens from patients with chronic laryngitis supports the hypothesis that chronic laryngitis may be biofilm related. Biofilm was found in 62% of the cases of chronic laryngitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bacterial biofilm associated with chronic laryngitis; however, further investigation is warranted before a clear conclusion can be drawn.
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