HighlightsPrebiotic feeding elevated BDNF and NR1subunit mRNAs, in the rat hippocampus.The GOS prebiotic increased cortical NR1, d-serine, and hippocampal NR2A subunits.GOS feeding elevated plasma levels of the gut peptide PYY.GOS plasma increased BDNF release from human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.BDNF secretion from cells by GOS plasma was blocked by PYY antisera.
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