Di dunia BBLR menempati penyebab kematian bayi pertama di dunia dalam periode awal kehidupan. BBLR menyumbang 60% sampai 80% dari semua kematian neonatal. Prevalensi global BBLR adalah 20 juta pertahun atau 15,5% dari seluruh bayi lahir di dunia (WHO, 2015). Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia menurut hasil survei penduduk antar sensus (SUPAS) 2015 sebesar 22,23 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup (Kemenkes, RI, 2016). Umur dan paritas merupakan kontributor dalam kejadian BBLR. Jisuk Bae, et.al.,., (2011). Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan umur dan paritas dengan kejadian BBLR di Puskesmas Wates Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan case control dan menggunakan pendekatan restrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu ibu yang sudah melahirkan bayi selama dua tahun terakhir (2016-2017). Tekhnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling untuk kasus control dengan menggunakan perbandingan 1:1 untuk kelompok kasus yaitu 40 : 40 sampel. Hasil : penelitian membuktikan bahwa dengan hasil uji statistik menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan kejadian BBLR dengan  p-value 0,310 (OR=0,519, CI=187-1.438) da nada hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian BBLR dengan p-value 0,037 (OR=0,214, CI=055-838). Simpulan dan saran : tidak terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kejadian BBLR dan terdapat hubungan antara paritas dan kejadian BBLR. Diharapkan Perlunya peningkatan pemantauan dan konseling kepada ibu dengan faktor resiko, sehingga dapat mengatasi BBLR maupun komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan.

Latar Belakang: Di Dunia BBLR menempati penyebab kematian bayi pertama dalam periodeawal kehidupan. BBLR menyumbang 60% sampai 80% dari semua kematian neonatal (WHO,2015). Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia menurut hasil survei penduduk antar sensus(SUPAS) 2015 sebesar 22,23 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup (Kemenkes, RI, 2016). Anemia danhipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya BBLR DwiPurwanto, Anjas (2016) & Budiastuti. M.D (2014). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui hubungan Anemia dan Hipertensi dengan kejadian BBLR. Metode Penelitian :Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan case control danmenggunakan pendekatan restrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu ibu yang sudahmelahirkan bayi selama dua tahun terakhir (2016-2017). Tekhnik pengambilan sampelmenggunakan total sampling dengan menggunakan perbandingan 1:1 yaitu 40 : 40 sampel.Hasil: penelitian membuktikan bahwa dengan hasil uji statistik menunjukan bahwa adahubungan antara anemia dengan kejadian BBLR dengan p-value 0,042 (OR=0,356,CI=0,1430,885) dan tidak ada hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kejadian BBLR denganp-value 0,154 (OR=4.030, CI=0,782-20.760).Simpulan dan saran: tidak terdapat hubunganantara umur dan kejadian BBLR dan terdapat hubungan antara paritas dan kejadian BBLR.Diharapkan Perlunya peningkatan pemantauan dan konseling kepada ibu dengan faktor resiko,sehingga dapat mengatasi BBLR dan komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan lainnya

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Evidence-based is a very effective strategy to improve the quality of midwifery services. One of the most frequently problems faced is the gap between midwifery practices that are in accordance with the procedures (based on evidence-based) with clinical care practices that occur in the clinic. The purpose of this study was to explore in-depth the obstacles to the implementation of evidence-based normal childbirth, which are the position of delivery, monitoring and documenting delivery by using partographs in the Independent Practice of Midwives of Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta.This research was a qualitative research with a phenomenological descriptive approach. The participants of this study were midwives who had the Independent Midwife Practice (PMB) consisting of 7 informants. Participant selection in this study used a purposive sampling technique with convenience sampling and identification of obstacles used was the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Data collection used was semi-structured interviews and observations. Data analysis used was a thematic analysis.The interview and observation of delivery assistance is done at the Independent Midwife Practice Center (PMB). The position of delivery that was often used by patients was lithotomy and left slant, and the application of evidence-based monitoring and documentation using partograph was still not optimal. This was because there were several obstacles in its application, which were obstacles from patients, families, midwives, and obstacles from the organization. The impact of these obstacles was that it can reduce the quality of obstetric care in patients according to evidence-based. The evaluation of clinical practice based on evidence-based by the organization and the existence of feedback from patients to midwives are expected to improve the quality of service to patients.

Assessment during pre registration in midwifery school is one of the necessary process which need to be concerned as it would strengthen the quality of the graduation. It also could become a tool to evaluate ability and competency of the pre registration midwifery student. There is an evaluation which applied in Indonesian midwifery school as national standard i.e. OSCE in which is considered could fulfil the validity, reliability and feasibility within Indonesian context. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of OSCE among midwifery school in Yogyakarta. This research was a mixed methods study used sequential explanatory design method i.e. quantitative phase and qualitative phase. Analytic descriptive study was applied in quantitative phase, whilst a case study was applied in  qualitative phase. Quantitative data collection was conducted by using a checklist sheet and analyzed by using descriptive analysis, whilst qualitative data by using in-depth interviews and analyzed by using content analysis. The quantitative result show that the implementation of OSCE among midwifery schools in Yogyakarta has score 68 out of 92. The qualitative analysis showed that OSCE was challenging to be implemented due to technical problems such as broken media of assessment, different phantom model in delivery stages, assessor has been late, assessment rooms were not conducive and there were limited model who skilled as OSCE model. Conclusion: Standardized OSCE implementation has not been carried out properly in midwifery school. Therefore there is a need of national evaluation of the OSCE itself in order to understand the real condition across Indonesian midwifery school.