ABSTRAK STUDI AWAL ESTIMASI DOSIS INTERNAL 177Lu-DOTA TRASTUZUMAB PADA MANUSIA BERBASIS UJI BIODISTRIBUSI PADA MENCIT. Radiofarmaka baru untuk pengobatan penyakit kanker payudara tipe HER-2, 177Lu-DOTA Trastuzumab, telah berhasil diproduksi oleh Pusat Teknologi Radioisotop dan Radiofarmaka (PTRR) BATAN. Demi keamanan produk dan keselamatan pasien, radiofarmaka baru tersebut perlu dilengkapi dengan data studi dosis internal yang dilakukan setelah uji praklinis pada hewan coba selesai. Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk melakukan estimasi dosis pada pasien yang dihitung berdasarkan data uji biodistribusi pada mencit. Studi Uji biodistribusi dilakukan pada 25 ekor mencit dan diamati biodistribusinya pada organ-organ, diantaranya otak, perut, usus, jantung , ginjal, hati, paru-paru, otot, tulang, limpa dan kandung kemih. Pengamatan cacahan organ dilakukan pada jam ke 1, 2, 3, 4, 24, 48 pasca injeksi radiofarmaka 177Lu DOTA-Trastuzumab sebesar 100mCi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji biodistribusi adalah % ID/gram organ tikus, kemudian dilakukan konversi perhitungan ke % ID/gram organ manusia. Untuk mengestimasi dosis ke manusia, hasil %ID/gram organ tersebut dipakai sebagai input pada software dosimetri internal OLINDA/EXM, dengan cara melakukan plotting %ID/gram versus waktu, yang akan menghasilkan residence time di masing-masing organ. Setelah residence time diperoleh, dosis internal radiasi pada masing-masing organ dan seluruh tubuh dapat diketahui. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa tiga organ yang memiliki dosis internal tertinggi 177Lu DOTA Trastuzumab adalah : paru-paru, hati dan ovarium dengan dosis masing-masing 0,063; 0,046 dan 0,025 mSv/MBq. Disimpulkan bahwa hasil estimasi dosis internal radiasi total yang diperoleh manusia pada penyuntikan radiofarmaka 177Lu-DOTA Trastuzumab adalah 0.21 mSv/MBq. ABSTRACT INTERNAL DOSE ESTIMATION OF 177Lu-DOTA TRASTUZUMAB IN HUMAN BASED ON THE BIODISTRIBUTION DATA OF MICE: A PRELIMINARY STUDY. A new radiopharmaceutical for treating Breast Cancer of HER-2 type, 177Lu DOTA-Trastuzumab, had been successfully produced by The Centre for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology-BATAN. With regard to the patient safety, the new drug development process need internal dosimetry data obtained of preclinical study in animal. Hence, this study has been objected to estimate the internal radiation dose in human by performing the biodistribution test in mice. In this study, the biodistribution test was done for 25 mice and sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 24, 48 hour after the injection of 177Lu DOTA-Trastuzumab. There were 11 organs, namely brain, stomach, intestine, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, muscle, bone, spleen, and urinary bladder, have been investigated by observing the uptake in each organ during the proposed time. The result of biodistribution test then were being calculated into injection dose per gram human organ (%ID/gr). To estimate the internal dose in human, the data of % ID/gram in human need to be plotted to calculate the residence time which will be need as the input for OLINDA/EXM, a tool for calculating internal dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine fields. As a result, three organs that have been estimated receiving the highest internal radiation dose due to the administration of 177Lu DOTA Trastuzumab are: lungs, liver, and ovaries at approximately 0,063; 0,046 and 0,025 mSv/MBq respectively. To conclude, the total internal dose in human reference model due to the administration of 177Lu-DOTA Trastuzumab has been estimated to be 0,21 mSv/MBq.
Askariasis di daerah endemis seperti Indonesia menyebabkan polarisasi respons Th2 yang dapat menekan respons Th1 yang penting dalam perlawanan terhadap tuberkulosis melalui penekanan ekspresi IL-12Rẞ2 oleh IL-4. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari hubungan antara kejadian askariasis dan tuberkulosis aktif di daerah endemis rendah askariasis. Penelitian observasional analitik dilakukan pada 30 penderita dewasa tuberkulosis paru aktif baru dan 29 penderita tuberkulosis laten. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Bandung selama periode April-Juni 2014. Pemeriksaan telur Ascaris lumbricoides dilakukan dengan teknik Kato-Katz smear dan pengukuran kadar reseptor terlarut IL-12Rẞ2 dalam plasma mengunakan metode enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi askariasis pada penderita tuberkulosis aktif secara signifikan lebih rendah (5 dari 30 subjek) dari proporsi askariasis pada penderita tuberkulosis laten (13 dari 29 subjek) dengan p=0,019. Penghitungan jumlah telur menunjukkan semua subjek askariasis menderita askariasis intensitas ringan. Kadar reseptor terlarut IL-12Rẞ2 pada penderita tuberkulosis aktif dan laten dengan askariasis maupun tanpa askariasis tidak berbeda signifikan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah askariasis intensitas ringan tidak menekan respons Th1 dan tidak meningkatkan kejadian tuberkulosis aktif di daerah endemis rendah askariasis. Kata kunci: Askariasis, penekanan respons Th1, tuberkulosis aktif dan laten
Roses are one of the most popular flowers in the world, not only because of their beauty but also because they have medicinal properties. Drugs developed from roses must be support from various parties. Roses have active components that can be used to improve public health, such as anthocyanins, tannins and other active compounds. Making the right rose water herbal mixtures will help filter out the active substances according to the expected therapeutic effect. The manufacture of herbal mixtures of roses can vary, namely, infusions, extracts and rose oil. These three variations require different procedures. The three herbal formulations can provide an initial condition of the content of the active substances in the roses. The results of the rose infusion gave a red color in a short time, while the maceration of the extract with ethyl alcohol, methanol and hexsan gave a varied color appearance, while the identification of rose oil using water distillation did not show any filtered oil. The comparison of the three preparations shows that the herbal formulations can be done in a simple way and the formulation that gives the best results is rose water infusions that produces rose water. Keywords: herbal preparation, rose infusion, rose oil, rose extract
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