Purpose: To determine the effect of decreasing blood glucose levels in white rats using a combination of meniran and rosella compared to glibenclamide. Method: This research was carried out experimentally. Simplicia of meniran leaves and rosella macerated using 80% ethanol. The research used 21 rats that were induced by alloxan and divided into 7 groups and all compared using glibenclamide.Group 1 (negative control) CMC Na 1%, group 2 (positive control) glibenclamide dose 0.45 mg/kgMB, group 3 single roselle extract dose 130 mg/kgMB, group 4 single meniran leaf extract dose 200 mg/kgMB, group 5 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 100 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose of 65 mg/kgMB, group 6 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 200 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose of 130 mg/kgMB, and group 7 meniran leaf extract combination dose 400 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose 195 mg/kgMB. Result: The results showed that rats had hyperglycemia after being induced by alloxan.Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA method followed by LSD and tukeys' B post hoct test. Having a difference in the decrease in blood glucose levels between the positive control group and the five doses of meniran extract and rosella gave a significant effect compared to the negative control group did not have a significant effect in reducing blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Single meniran extract and high-dose combination extract are more effective than glibenclamide.

Piroxicam is an anti-inflammatory drug of the NSAID class that is commonly used as an analgesic and anthireumatic drug. Its use is often combined with gastric drugs, one of which is omeprazole, considering the side effects of piroxicam which can irritate the stomach. Piroxicam and omeprazole work on the same enzyme, CYP-450 so that it can affect the pharmacokinetic profile especially in the metabolic and excretion phases of piroxicam. This research is an experimental study using 3 male rabbits. Measurement of plasma levels of piroxicam drug is carried out using a High Performance’s Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) tool. The validation method is used to determine LOD and LOQ values, accuracy, and precision tests. The results of data analysis using t-tables. The results showed the value of pharmacokinetic parameters in the absorption phase increased or there were differences but did not show any significant effect on each group. While the pharmacokinetic parameter values ​​in the metabolic and excretion phases decreased and showed no differences between groups. The administration of omeprazole and piroxicam together and the administration of piroxicam which was given an hour earlier by omeprazole can inhibit the enzyme that stimulates the metabolism of piroxicam so that it affects the pharmacokinetic parameters in the absorption phase and also excretion but is not significant.

African leaves (Gymnanthemum amygdalina Del.) and palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) which is contain flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, and tannin can be used to decrease cholesterol levels and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the effect of EEDA dan EEDKS combination on blood cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic mice. Sample in this study was African leaves and palm leaves which were taken purposively without comparing samples from other regions, then extracted by maceration using ethanol 96%. The results of data analysis from the three EEDA and EEDKS groups effected cholesterol reduction due to the sig value <0.05. Based on ANOVA one way analysis of the five most effective treatments is simvastatin then dose  400-600mg/kgBB, dose 200-300mg/kgBB, dose 100-150mg/kgBB and CMC Na 1%. The combination of EEDA and EEDKS has an antihypercholesterol effect, the combination of EEDA and EEDKS has an antihypercholesterol effect that is comparable to the positive control, and the finding from this study that the most effective dosage of EEDA and EEDKS as antihypercholesterol is at dosage 400-600 mg/kgBB.

Latar Belakang: Tukak lambung adalah suatu penyakit yang ditandai dengan adanya tukak pada dinding mukosa lambung yang jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat akan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Daun afrika memiliki kandungan senyawa tanin yang dapat membentuk lapisan protektif pada tukak, saponin mengaktivasi faktor protektif membran mukosa, dan flavonoid yang dapat meningkatkan produksi prostaglandin dan menurunkan sekresi HCl lambung yang semuanya tersebut berperan dalam penyembuhan tukak lambung. Tujuan: Untuk memformulasikan tablet ekstrak daun afrika (TEDA) sebagai obat tukak lambung. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan metode eksperimental yang dilaksanakan pada Mei-Oktober 2020. Daun afrika segar diolah menjadi serbuk simplisia yang selanjutnya diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dan kemudian diformulasikan menjadi bentuk sediaan tablet TEDA. Agar dapat diberikan kepada hewan uji maka TEDA selanjutnya dibuat dalam bentuk suspensi dalam Na CMC 0,5%. Uji efektivitas penyembuhan tukak lambung dilakukan dengan mengamati penurunan jumlah tukak dan kohesi sel mukosa lambung hewan uji tikus yang diinduksi menggunakan Aspirin dosis 400mg/kgbb. Kelompok uji dibagi dalam 3 variasi dosis yaitu suspensi TEDA 100mg/kgbb, 200 mg/kgbb dan 400mg/kgbb dengan kontrol positif menggunakan sirup sukralfat. Data jumlah tukak lambung dianalisa menggunakan metode ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Tukey. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis suspensi TEDA 100, 200 dan 400mg/kgbb dapat menurunkan jumlah tukak yang terbentuk dan memperbaiki kohesi sel mukosa lambung yang rusak. Hasil analisa data statistik menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikanjumlah tukak lambung antara kelompok TEDA dibandingkan kontrol negatif (p-value<0,05) yaitu sebesar 0,000. Kesimpulan: semua kelompok TEDA dapat menyembuhkan tukak dan yang paling efektif adalah TEDA dosis 400mg/kgbb karena dapat menyembuhkan tukak lambung pada hari ke-7 dan memiliki efek yang sama dengan kelompok kontrol positif. Kata Kunci: Tukak Lambung, Daun Afrika, Sukralfat, Kohesi Sel Mukosa Lambung

The discovery of new antibiotic drugs is getting more and more reactive. The plant of the peria laut leaf is one of the drugs that is often used as a traditional medicine and contains bioactive compounds of polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, which can inhibit antibacterial growth. Purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of peria laut leaves (Colubrina asiatica L.) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Method the experimental, of the sample used was concentrated marine peria laut leaf extract of 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 75mg/ml, 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml, 300mg/ml, 400mg/ml, and 500mg/ml, positive control of amoxicillin tablet 500 mg, negative control of dimethylsulfoxide with the method of disc diffusion testing using media Nutrient Agar. Results the showed thet the peria laut leaf extract positively contained bioactive alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins, and had inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Escgerichia coli bacteria with various concentrations which had been tested on the average area of the highest inhibition zone of 18,6 mm in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and 10,2 mm in Escherichia coli bacteria. Conclusion peria laut leaf extract (Colubrina asiatica L.) has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the most inhibitory zone at a concentration of 500mg/ml with a diameter of 18,6 in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and 10,2 in Escherichia coli.