Introduction: Direct laryngoscopy and intubation are noxious stimuli and are associated with transient, unpredictable and variable hemodynamic changes. Dexmedetomidine has the potential to produce bradycardia and hypotension when administered as a bolus; in a way to solve this problem, nebulization route chosen. Nebulized dexmedetomidine has a bioavailability of 65%. Nebulized drug preferred over intranasal administration to avoids adverse effects. Aim and objectives:The aim of this study to evaluate the role of nebulized dexmedetomidine as a premedication in attenuating the stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation along with any adverse effects of drug. Materials and methods: 50 patients of ASA grade I and II elective surgery undergoing general anesthesia were randomly divided in two groups N and D, who received nebulized normal saline(5ml) and nebulized dexmedetomidine (1ug/kg diluted in 5ml NS) respectively with a nebulizer face mask for 10 min before induction of anesthesia in sitting position. Result: Following laryngoscopy and intubation, stress response markedly increased in the group N where stress response markedly decreases in group D. Conclusions: Nebulized dexmedetomidine effectively blunts the stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation with no adverse effects.

Introduction: When Dexamethasone added to local anaesthetics, it can prolong the duration of peripheral blocks. Dexamethasone has a long and efcient glucocorticoid structure and having anti-inammatory properties.The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Dexamethasone on the block duration when added to Levobupivacaine used for transversus abdominis block (TAP) applied to patients who underwent caesarean section. Methods: 28 patients with spinal anaesthesia in an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II Risk group were included in the study and divided into two groups. Bilateral 30ml 0.25% Levobupivacaine and 2 ml 0.9% NaCl for the Levobupivacaine group and bilateral 30 ml 0.25% Levobupivacaine and 2 ml Dexamethasone (8mg) for the Dexamethasone group were administered in a TAP block performed. The time need for the rst analgesic in the postoperative period was recorded. The time before Result: the administration of the rst additional analgesic dose was prolonged signicantly in the Dexamethasone group in compared to Levobupivacaine group. The Conclusion: utilization of Dexamethasone, which has a prolonging effect on the TAP block, may be alternative to epidural opioid analgesia in caesarean section.

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