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In this study, a polyol ester from levulinic acid (LA) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) was synthesized by enzymatic catalysis in a solvent-free system. The total conversion of TMP reached up to 84% on average after lipase recycling for five times. The produced ester showed excellent lubrication properties, such as high viscosities at 40 °C (86.53 mm2/s) and 100 °C (8.91 mm2/s), a good viscosity index (49), a low pour point (−27 °C), and a high flash point (223 °C). The frictional wear behavior was evaluated on a four-ball test machine (FTM) by adding the ester into a reference mineral oil. The blend with 10% ester showed a smaller wear scar diameter (WSD) (0.62 mm) when compared with that of pure mineral oil (0.78 mm). The results demonstrated that the obtained ester has huge potential as biolubricant basestock.

DNA strand displacement techniques are increasingly used in majority computing mechanism, ranging from logic gates to reaction networks. Strand displacement reaction which is based on the principle of Watson-Crick complementary base pairing, enables the computation of logic circuit to be implemented through toehold-mediated with enzyme-free, allowing different domain sequences to be programmed solely, including seesawing reaction, threshold reaction and reporting reaction. In this paper, the logic circuits for implementing full adder are designed and translated equivalently into dual-rail circuit, into seesaw cascade circuit performed by DNA strand displacement reaction. The whole reaction process can be programmed and simulated in the software Visual DSD which presents details of simulation result through compiling the code for computation device. The validity of computation result of full adder further demonstrates that the DNA strand displacement is a desirable method for implementing more complicated logic computation and reaction network.

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