During an 8-year study period, Arcobacter butzleri was the fourth most common Campylobacter -like organism isolated from 67,599 stool specimens. Our observations suggest that A. butzleri displays microbiologic and clinical features similar to those of Campylobacter jejuni ; however, A. butzleri is more frequently associated with a persistent, watery diarrhea.

D. fragilis and G. lamblia were the most frequently encountered parasites in our study population. Improved diagnostic tests are essential tools to study the prevalence and pathogenesis of D. fragilis.

We describe a 27-month-old girl with COG6 deficiency. She is the first child of healthy consanguineous Moroccan parents. She presented at birth with dysmorphic features including microcephaly, post-axial polydactyly, broad palpebral fissures, retrognathia, and anal anteposition. The clinical phenotype was further characterised by multiorgan involvement including mild psychomotor retardation, and microcephaly, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, micronodular liver cirrhosis, associated with life-threatening and recurrent infections due to combined T- and B-cell dysfunction and neutrophil dysfunction.Mutation analysis showed the patient to be homozygous for the c.G1646T mutation in the COG6 gene. She is the second reported patient with a deficiency of subunit 6 of the COG complex. Although both patients are homozygous for the same mutation, they present a markedly different clinical picture. Indeed immunodeficiency as well as inflammatory bowel disease has not been described previously in patients with any COG-CDG.

Treatment with paromomycin (25-35 mg/kg/d for 7 days) was evaluated prospectively in 15 children with Dientamoeba fragilis infection after 1-month follow-up. At the end of the study, parasitologic effectiveness and clinical improvement were observed in 12/15 (80%) and 13/15 (87%) patients, respectively. Paromomycin appears to be an effective drug for treatment of D. fragilis infection in children.

Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 58 children presenting with proven acute hepatitis A and in 63 controls of the same age. There are well-known echographic signs of hepatitis (liver enlargement, gallbladder wall thickening, periportal hyperechogenicity) but they were not constantly found. We describe in all the hepatitis cases an enlargement of lymph nodes located in the hepatic hilum, pancreatic area and small omentum: they appeared hyperechogenic at the centre with hypoechogenic outer layer. Such enlarged lymph nodes were not observed in the controls.