We conclude that hyperinsulinaemia may be involved in an increase in blood pressure in active acromegalics.

Using a bivascularly perfused rat liver, we investigated the hepatic extraction and hepatic action on glucose output of insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine. The liver was perfused for 70 min without recirculation via the portal vein and hepatic artery (3.0 ml/(min.g liver) from portal vein and 1.0 ml/(min.g liver) from celiac artery). Low and high concentration of insulin, glucagon, or epinephrine (450 and 4,500 pM, 21.5 and 215 pM, or 410 and 4,100 pM, respectively) was added to the perfusing medium via portal vein (P-liver), via celiac artery (H-liver), or via portal vein and celiac artery (H-P-liver). Hepatic extraction of insulin, glucagon, or epinephrine was not significantly different among H- (56 +/- 9 and 21 +/- 5%, 31 +/- 7 and 24 +/- 6%, or 22 +/- 8 and 17 +/- 5%), P- (50 +/- 10 and 23 +/- 6%, 32 +/- 9 and 23 +/- 7%, or 22 +/- 9 and 18 +/- 6%), and H-P-liver (55 +/- 11 and 24 +/- 6%, 30 +/- 9 and 26 +/- 8%, or 20 +/- 9 and 17 +/- 6%). Glucagon- or epinephrine-induced increase in glucose output was also similar in H- (245 +/- 47 and 498 +/- 82 mumol/30 min, or 112 +/- 21 and 215 +/- 38 mumol/30 min), P- (258 +/- 51 and 512 +/- 95 mumol/30 min, or 128 +/- 20 and 220 +/- 36 mumol/30 min), and H-P-liver (263 +/- 58 and 515 +/- 94 mumol/30 min, or 129 +/- 22 and 225 +/- 39 mumol/30 min).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

To elucidate the peripheral disposal of ketone bodies in hyperketonemia accompanied with starvation, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus, the uptake of acetoacetic acid (AcAc) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) was investigated in the perfused hindquarter and kidney of starved, thyrotoxic, and diabetic rats. Thyrotoxicity was induced by daily subcutaneous injection of thyroxine (100 micrograms/kg/day) for 7 days, and diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) injection. Plasma concentration of AcAc and BOHB was significantly higher in starved, thyrotoxic, and diabetic rats than in controls. The hindquarter or kidney of rats was perfused with synthetic medium containing 0.2 or 1.5 mM AcAc or BOHB for 30 min at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/g muscle wt/min or 3.2-3.5 ml/kidney/min, respectively. In perfused hindquarter, the uptake of AcAc and BOHB was significantly reduced in starved and diabetic rats, but not in thyrotoxic rats. In perfused kidney, the uptake of AcAc and BOHB was not significantly different between the experimental and control rats. These results suggest that in starvation or diabetes mellitus, disposal of AcAc and BOHB was impaired in the hindquarter but not in the kidney, and that disposal of AcAc and BOHB by hindquarter and kidney was not impaired in thyrotoxic rats.

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