Today's environmental problems stem from one of the misconceptions about the relationship between humans and their environment. This study uses one approach in environmental sociology, which sees human relations with the environment as a relationship of parasitism and mutual relations. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between parasitism and the relationship of mutualism between residents and industry with the Tallo and Jeneberang Rivers in the city of Makassar. The research method is qualitative with the type of case study research. Informants are selected by means of the purposive method. Primary data obtained through observation and interviews, while secondary data obtained through relevant literature. The results of the study found a parasitic relationship, namely the behavior of the population and industry that prioritizes the desire to meet the needs of life and as if free to do anything in the river environment, such as industrial activities that dispose of liquid waste into rivers, garbage disposal, the number of illegal settlements, landfills continue to use the river area. This behavior has caused various disasters such as flash floods, silting of rivers, water pollution, damaged agricultural land, and houses flooded. In a mutualism relationship, there has not yet been a balanced conservation and preservation effort, both in the Tallo River environment and in the Jeneberang River environment. This shows the need for community and industry understanding in understanding the relationship between the community and the environment so that they are aware of the importance of environmental preservation   Masalah lingkungan dewasa ini salah satunya bersumber daripada kekeliruan cara pandang mengenai relasi manusia dengan lingkungannya. Kajian ini menggunakan salah satu pendekatan dalam sosiologi lingkungan, yaitu melihat hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan sebagai hubungan parasitisme dan hubungan utualisme. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengkaji tentang gambaran hubungan parasitisme dan hubungan mutualisme antara penduduk dan industri dengan lingkungan Sungai Tallo dan Sungai Jeneberang di kota Makassar. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Informan dipilih dengan cara purposif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara, manakala data sekunder diperoleh melalui literaturyang relevan. Hasil penelitian menemukan terjadinya hubungan parasitisme, yaitu perilaku penduduk dan industri yang mengedepankan hasrat pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup dan seolah bebas melakukan apa saja pada lingkungan sungai, seperti aktivitas industri yang membuang limbah cair ke sungai, pembuangan sampah, banyaknya pemukiman liar, tempat pembuangan bahan timbunan yang terus menggunakan area sungai. Perilaku tersebut telah menimbulkan berbagai bencana seperti banjir bandang, pendangkalan sungai, pencemaran air, lahan pertanian rusak, dan rumah warga terendam banjir. Pada hubungan mutualisme, belumwujud upaya pelestarian dan pengelolaan yang seimbang, baik di lingkungan Sungai Tallo maupun di lingkungan Sungai Jeneberang. Hal ini menunjukkan perlunya pemahaman masyarakat dan industri dalam memaknai hubungan antara masyarakat dan lingkungan agar mereka menyadari tentang pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan.

Nowadays, the global environmental crisis is caused by fundamental philosophical errors in understanding the human way of thinking about themselves, their relation with nature, and their place in the whole ecosystem. In turn, these misconceptions lead to wrong actions. This research aims to comprehensively study the description of the anthropocentric actions of a community about the environment of the Jeneberang River. The approach used in this research is qualitative with a phenomenology method. The result of this research indicates that anthropocentric actions prioritize the desire to fulfill life's needs as if they are free to do anything with nature without considering the preservation and the balanced management of the Jeneberang River environment. There were some community anthropocentric actions found in Jeneberang River community, namely, the establishment of residence, garbage disposal, and storage of stockpiles, the establishment of the brick industry, clearing area for agricultural land, various kinds of entrepreneurial activities, and sand mining activities (have been dismissed since 2015). These actions critically impact the condition of Jeneberang River, worsening problems such as river water pollution, the silt of the river, and flash floods that happened at the beginning of 2019.