Rollin, H Intercultural competence for students of Spanish: can we teach it? Can we afford not to teach it?
Over recent years Spain has acquired a reputation for water management (Garrido and Llamas 2007); it is therefore not surprising that Zaragoza should have won the bid to host Expo 2008, with the theme Agua y desarrollo sostenible. After exploring Zaragoza's credentials as host for such an event, and in particular one with the theme of water and sustainable development, this article reviews other landmark events hosted in Spain, and the attractions and potential advantages to be derived from holding such events. It focuses on Zaragoza's strategic geographical position, and the city's role as a catalyst for economic development in Aragón and beyond, before asking to what extent Zaragoza achieved the desired aims of urban renewal and the raising of environmental awareness. It highlights some of the controversy surrounding the exhibition and invites readers to contribute to the Open Forum, particularly on the economic and environmental aspects.
The correlation between small business activity and economic growth is well documented. It is also widely held that a key influence on the level of entrepreneurship and the success rate of small businesses is the prevailing business culture, yet the features of this are seldom defined. This article examines the contribution made by small businesses in various sectors of Spain's economy, reviewing factors highlighted by interviewees in case studies as instrumental to the success, or otherwise, of specific enterprises. It then turns to case studies conducted in the USA in an attempt to pinpoint the factors contributing there to the prevailing business culture and to determine what can be learnt from the longer-established North American experience of entrepreneurship.
Eulália Maria Lahmeyer Lobo, Imigração Portuguesa no Brasil São Paulo: Hucitec, 2001, 367 pp., ISBN 85-271-0566-7 Gilda Santos (ed.), Brasil e Portugal: 500 anos de enlaces e desenlaces Rio de Janeiro: Real Gabinete Português de Leitura, 2 vols., special numbers 17 and 18 of the review Convergência Lusíada, 2000/2001, 407 and 365 pp., ISSN 1414-0381 John F. Laidlar, Portugal, World Bibliographical Series, Volume 71 Oxford: ABC-CLIO Ltd., 2000, lv + 295 pp., ISBN 1-85109-331-1 Daniele Conversi, The Basques, the Catalans and Spain: Alternative Routes to Nationalist Mobilisation London: Hurst, 1997, xx + 312 pp., ISBN 1-85065-268-6. Paperback edition, Reno: University of Nevada, 2000, ISBN 0-87417-362-0 Michael T. Newton and Graham J. Shields, Studying and Working in Spain Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 2001, xviii + 300 pp., ISBN 0-7190-5472-9 (hardback), 0-7190-5473-7 (paperback) Herbert R. Southworth, Conspiracy and the Spanish Civil War: The Brainwashing of Francisco Franco London and New York: Routledge, 2002, xviii + 249 pp., ISBN 0415-22781-X Fernando Rosas (ed.), Portugal e a Transição para a Democracia (1974-1976) Lisboa: Edições Colibri, 1999, 373 pp., ISBN 972-772-107-9 Paul Buck, Lisbon: A Cultural and Literary Companion, Foreword by Jean-Pierre Faye, Cities of the Imagination series Oxford: Signal Books, 2002, 246 pp., ISBN 1-902669-34-7 (hardback), ISBN 1-902669-35-5 (paperback) Shelley Godsland and Anne M. White (eds.), Cultura popular: Studies in Spanish and Latin American Popular Culture Berne: Peter Lang AG, 2002, 295 pp., ISBN 3-906766-96-9 Ann McFall and Kent Sproule, Interpreting Spanish: Advanced Language Skills London: Routledge, 2001; student handouts, 143 pp., ISBN 0-415-24684-9; tutor’s book, 137 pp., ISBN 0-415-24682-2; book, handouts and cassettes ISBN 0-415- 12561-8 Heloísa Paulo, ‘Aqui Também é Portugal’: A Colónia Portuguesa do Brasil e o Salazarismo Coimbra: Quarteto, 2000, 624 pp. ISBN 972-8535-42-2 António Costa Pinto, O Fim do Império Português Lisbon: Horizonte, 2001, 112 pp., ISBN 972-24-1147-0
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