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Abstract. Missa H, Susilowati A, Setyaningsih R. 2016. Diversity and phylogenetic relationship of cellulolytic bacteria from the feces of Bali Cattle in South Central Timor, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia,. There are three types of cattle farms with different kinds of feed in South Central Timor, that are maintained around Supul Lake, quarantined and left in the wild. This research aims to isolate, identify and determine the genetic relationship among of cellulolytic bacteria from the feces of Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus javanicus D´Alton, 1823, syn. Bos javanicus sondaicus Temminck, 1839/Blyth, 1842) in South Central Timor. The isolation of cellulolytic bacteria was done by using spread plate method on Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) media. Cellulolytic activities were determined by the clear zone visibility using 0.1% congo red indicator. 16S rRNA encoding genes amplification was conducted using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using 63F and 1387r primers. Sequences of the 16S rRNA encoding genes were analyzed by bioinformatics using Nucleotide BLAST on NCBI website to determine the species of bacteria based on sequence similarity. The construction of the phylogenetic tree of cellulolytic bacteria was done using MEGA 7.0 software. The results were 48 isolates showing cellulase activity. There were 12 isolates from Supul Lake which have high cellulase activity namely: S1H6, S2H5 S2H7 S3H; in quarantine location: K1H6, K2H3, L2H7, K2H4, K1H2, K3H2; and in wild care system: L1H4 and L1H5. These activities were presented in clear zone about 7.08 to 1.47 cm. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA encoding genes, there were 5 different genera found in 12 isolates with high cellulolytic activity. The isolates possessed similarity with Pseudomonas sp. 96%, Acinetobacter sp. 95%, Bacillus 97%, Stenotrophomonas 88%, and Brachybacterium sp. 97%. There were seven bacterial isolates having the potential to be declared as new bacterial species with <97% similarity percentage that are SIH6, S2H5, K2H3, K2H4, LIH4, LIH5, L2H7. Based on the phylogenetic tree cellulolytic bacteria showed the closest genetic relationship of 0.0% and farthest of 19.3% L2H7 isolate with Brachybacterium sp. S21F1

Plastic waste is a topic that is always discussed in academic studies, especially regarding for the environment. Plastic waste causes natural damage whether it is biotik or abiotik environment. Lack of understanding of the plastic waste dangers caused tless of the environment concern. This is illustrated by the behavoir of throwing plastic waste not on the rubbish bin. By the socialization of plastic waste education and its utilization, it is expected can improve the intellectual understanding about the risk of plastic waste. This activity was initiated by a group of young people in the Kupang city whose joined to the community of"Saya Pilih Bumi" in Kupang regional by involving speakers from Widya Mandira Catholic University of Kupang City. The method of carrying out the socialization activities is by surveying and requesting permission to the school, then two activities are carried out there are education of plastic waste and plastic waste treatment. The success of these program was indicated by thestudents enthusiasm in the discussion session and the results of processing plastic waste yield some goods like flower pots, pencil cases and other accessories.

Methylene blue is a cationic dye often used for various industries. Methylene blue waste harms aquatic biota. Most ways have been done to reduce the methylene blue pollution that includes photocatalytic, electrochemical, and adsorption. This study aimed to reduce the impact of methylene blue pollution on the aquatic environment and to test the adsorption isothermal for methylene blue adsorption using coconut fiber. The abundant coconut fiber waste around the Kupang city was taken and prepared to be used as an adsorbent. The characterization results showed that the active groups in cellulose were clearly described on the FTIR spectra which showed the presence of  O-H vibrations at 3296.35 cm-1, C-O vibrations were seen at 1267.23 and 1060.85 cm-1, at wavelengths 1608.63 cm-1 and 817.72 cm-1 there is a vibration from the C=C bond, while the C-H vibration appears at a wavelength of 2939.52 cm-1. The results of this research analysis showed that the adsorption of methylene blue according to the Langmuir isotherm indicated by the value of the equation of the straight line R2 being one and the direction of the curve depicting occurring the effective adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was 4.467 mg g-1 with the percentage of methylene blue adsorbed at 99.3%. Adsorption occurs chemically with an energy of 27.29 kJmol-1 so it can be determined that the adsorption occurs with a monolayer mechanism.

Bakteri Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bakteri yang rentan mencemari salome dan dapat menyebabkan diare atau foodborne dieases karena kehigienisan makanan yang kurang.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan bakteri Escherichia coli pada produk olahan daging di Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Isolasi bakteri menggunakan media EMBA, perhitungan populasi dilakukan dengan metode hitung cawan. Karakterisasi makroskopis dilakukan dengan mengamati bentuk morfologi koloni berbeda pada cawan sehingga didapatkan isolat bakteri  Escherichia coli. Karakteristik mikroskopisnya dilakukan dengan metode pewarnaan gram dan diamati menggunakan  mikroskop cahanya. Hasil penelitian diperoleh populasi bakteri Escherichia coli dari pengenceran 10-3 di Taman Nostalgia yaitu 8,4 x 104 CFU / ml, SMPN 1 Kupang yaitu 8,4 x 104 CFU / ml, SDK St. Yoseph 1 Kupang yaitu 5 x 104 CFU / ml dan SMAN 1 Kupang 1,11 x 105 CFU / ml. Karakterisasi makroskopis pada empat lokasi memiliki bentuk, elevansi, dan tepian yang sama. Karakteristik mikroskopis dilakukan melalui metode pewarnaan gram dengan hasil semua isolat bakteri merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang memiliki bentuk sel coccus, dan susunan sel tunggal