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Case report of splenic abscess in a 35 year old male is presented with review of the literature. The patient was admitted with left sided lower chest pain and fever without any significant abnormality on physical examination and haematological investigations. On imaging studies a large splenic abscess was diagnosed which was initially treated by broad spectrum antibiotics. Aspiration under sonographic control was unsuccessful due to thick pus and debris in the abscess. Open splenectomy was done with a complete recovery of the patient. Splenic abscess is an infrequent clinical entity and carries a very high mortality in the untreated cases. Pathognomic clinical features of left hypochondrial pain, splenomegaly, fever and leucocytosis are present in only one-third of the cases. Diagnosis is mostly done by imaging, either Abdominal Sonography or CT Scan. So far no prospective study has been done to rationalize the management, probably due to paucity of cases. Antibiotics alone or with percutaneous drainage under imaging control are successful in many cases. Failed aspirations and splenic abscesses with concomitant pathologies need splenectomy. Splenectomy and complete removal of the source of the infection is still the mainstay of treatment. Detailed review of the available literature of the clinical problem and various methods of treatment of splenic abscesses are discussed in the article. KEYWORDS: Splenic Abscess, Percutaneous drainage of splenic abscess, Splenectomy. INTRODUCTION:Splenic abscess is an infrequent clinical entity. International literature has less than 600 reported cases so far. (1) Splenic abscesses have a very high mortality in untreated cases. Pathognomic clinical features of left hypochondrial pain, fever, splenomegaly and leucocytosis are present in only one-third of the cases. Diagnosis is mostly done by imaging i. e., Sonography or CT Scan. Various treatment modalities like aspiration under imaging control with appropriate antibiotics and splenectomy by open or laparoscopic approach have been described. So far no prospective study has been done to rationalize the management probably due to the paucity of cases.

PURPOSETo present single centre experience in various endourological approaches for treating forgotten encrusted ureteral stents associated with stone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODSFrom October 2013 to April 2015, 8 patients (6 males and 2 females) presented with forgotten encrusted and broken ureteral stents. The average indwelling time of the stent was 3.2 years (Range 1 to 7 years). The radiological investigation included X-ray-KUB and intravenous urography to evaluate encrustation, stone burden, fragmentation and assess the renal function. RESULTSThe stent was entirely encrusted in two patients, three patients had encrustation confined to the kidney and three patients had encrustation of the lower coil with one patient having encrustation of the ureter. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed in 5 cases, retrograde ureteroscopy with intracorporeal lithotripsy in 3 patients, cystolithotripsy in 3, while in one patient simple cystoscopic removal of the stent with minimal encrustation was carried out. All the 8 patients were stone and stent free in one session. CONCLUSIONEndourological management of the forgotten encrusted stents is highly successful and avoids the need for open surgical techniques. KEYWORDSStents, Forgotten, Endourological.HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Gupta V, Datey SM, Lohia R, et al. Forgotten encrusted ureteral stents: Endourological management.

Objective: Psycho-oncology refers to psychological, social, behavioral issues relatedto cancer prevention, treatment and survivorship. The prevalence of cancer in India is around 2.25 million with 1.1 million new cases per year. This  research analyzed  psychosocial  factors  affecting  the  victims  of  cancer  in  India  &  identified  various  dynamics  playing role in  management. Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study was performed over one year period. A psychosocial questionnaire was designed for collecting information. Based on this questionnaire, responses were recorded, reflecting patient’s feelings and experiences. This study was conducted at tertiary care centre RDGMC, Ujjain, India. The study group included 120 admitted patients. Results: Out of120 patients (54%) were males and (46%) were females. The sample included (50%) patients newly diagnosed with cancer &Head &Neck cancer was the commonest cancer, affecting (37%) patients. (41%) patients were compliant, (31%) patients were partially compliant, (28%) patients were non compliant to the treatment. (63%) patients continued treatment. (28%) patients abandoned the treatment& (9%) patients got deceased. Financial constraint was the commonest reason for abandonment accounting for 65 % of the patients. It was observed that (74%) patients experienced psychosocial stigma.

Hand gesture is an innovative technique of interaction between human and computer. Hand gesture recognition is a technology that is becoming increasingly relevant, given the recent growth and popularity of Virtual and Augmented Reality technologies. In this paper, we represent a novel approach for better human computer interaction (HCI) where we are using hand gesture recognition using real-time camera in order to overcome the drawbacks of existing methods and more user friendly. Our method is to use a camera and computer vision technology, such as image segmentation and gesture recognition, to control keyboard tasks and Hand motions are acquired using web camera based on color detection.