Summary There is an abundant expansion in the race of technology, specifically in the production of data, because of the smart devices, such as mobile phones, smart cards, sensors, and Internet of Things (IoT). Smart phones and devices have undergone an enormous evolution in a way that they can be used. More and more new applications, such as face recognition, augmented reality, online interactive gaming, and natural language processing are emerging and attracting the users. Such applications are generally data intensive or compute intensive, which demands high resource and energy consumption. Mobile devices are known for the resource scarcity, having limited computational power and battery life. The tension between compute/data intensive application and resource constrained mobile devices hinders the successful adaption of emerging paradigms. In the said perspective, the objective of this article is to study the role of computation offloading in mobile cloud computing to supplement mobile platforms ability in executing complex applications. This article proposes a systematic approach (EFFORT) for offload communication in the cloud. The proposed approach provides a promising solution to partially solve energy consumption issue for communication‐intensive applications in a smartphone. The experimental study shows that our proposed approach outperforms its counterparts in terms of energy consumption and fast processing of smartphone devices. The battery consumption was reduced to 19% and the data usage was reduced to 16%.

A smart sensing layer based on polystyrene and carbon nanoparticles has been developed. It has been deposited on the composite specimens for real-time, in situ monitoring of structural health. The strain response of the smart sensing layer has been recorded for composite laminates using different defect configurations (notch spacing). Numerical simulations of the stress-strain concentration have been carried out in order to determine the state of strain at the smart sensing layer, in the presence of different notch configurations. It has been observed that the sensing layer detects well the presence of large deformations and damage due to defects in the structure, with clearly defined peaks at the points of structural damage.

In this work we investigate the influence of quadratic in momentum term (Schrodinger term) on magneto-transport properties of thin film topological insulators. The Schrodinger term modifies the Dirac cones into an hourglass shape which results in inter and intraband Landau levels crossings. Breaking of the particle-hole symmetry in Landau level spectrum in the presence of k2 term leads to asymmetrical density of states profile. We calculate collisional and Hall conductivity for mixed Dirac-Schrodinger system in linear response regime and show oscillatory behavior in collisional con- ductivity, while Zeeman and hybridization terms provide a doubly split peak structure in collisional conductivity for the case m/me → ∞. We calculate Hall conductivity analytically and show that for mixed system filling factor is not symmetric about Fermi energy unlike symmetic plateaus for pure Dirac case.

Objective: To find out the causative factors for rising rate of ectopic pregnancy in young women at periphery. Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Maula Bakhsh Teaching Hospital ( Obstetrical and gynaecological unit) Sargodha , from January 2008 – December 2008. Patients and Methods: All patients who were presented in labour room emergency and gynaecological out patients department with confirmed diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy on USG were included in the study. A pre-formed proforma was used to record the details about the demographic features, pre-existing risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, clinical features at presentation and management. Results: Frequency of ectopic pregnancy was too high in our study compared to international studies. Majority of patients were young and nullipara. Leading risk factor is pelvic inflammatory disease due to septic induced abortion. 92% of patients had acute presentation. Conclusions: Rising rate of ectopic pregnancy was found in young, nulliparous women secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease. The frequency can be reduced by awareness of reproductive health care, liberal contraceptive utilization, acceptable adequate planned family. Early diagnosis and timely referral may be helpful in treating the patients prior to tubal rupture with decreased morbidity and mortality.

Gender based discrimination is still common and one of the biggest issues in Pakistan. Transgender are ignored in almost every lifestyle. They face biasedness while finding for a job and are forced to earn money using unrespectable ways such as begging and dancing. Although, Pakistani law declares them equal citizen and many government as well as private organizations offer them jobs. Most of the transgender people remain unaware of these job offers due to the lack of an existing information propagation channel. This paper has proposed Transparity; which a dedicated online job portal for transgender. Transparity is also equipped with supportive features such as CV creation, online courses and motivational profiles to make it effective and helpful. Our study reveals that no such dedicated portal exists in Pakistan. This study focuses on the improvement of employment issues of transgender through.