Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease for long-term that primarily affects small joints and leads to chronic inflammation in synovial. The aimed of the study to identify the relationships among some serological markers (antibodies to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens (ACPAs), anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV), anti-carbamylated protein (Anti-Carp), anti- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (anti-hnRNP) and Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI)) and early diagnosis of RA. The study involved (60) Patients of newly diagnosis with RA that divided in to two subgroups (30 RF positive and 30 RF negative) groups and 30 subjects as healthy control group. The serological data from serum concentration of (ACPAs, Anti-MCV, Anti-Carp, Anti-hnRNP, G6PI) estimated by ELISA methods, RF estimated by latex agglutination kits. The results revealed that ACPAs, Anti-MCV, Anti-Carp, Anti-hnRNP, G6PI having a statistical significants at the mean±SD titer different between the two RF groups, a higher value among the refractory RA patients in comparison with the control group. Also effectively distinguishing RA patients groups for RF+ve and RF-ve with showed the sensitivity and specificity of, ACPAs (90.8% , 94.1%, and  88.2%, 86.6%); anti-MCV (66.7% , 33.0% and 70.0%, 70.2%); anti-CarP (76.7% , 90.0% and 93.3%, 78.5%); anti-hnRNP (74.9% , 61.9% and 71.4%, 70.9%) and GPI (77.3% , 76.7% and 84.4%, 80.1%) respectively. This study confirm the importance of measuring multiple serum biomarkers and their com­binations with high diagnostic value for RA and provide sup­port for the early diagnosis of RA.

Cytomegalovirus is a species of Herpesviridae can that infect humans and cause latent and severe infections. Severe human infection caused by Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) usually occurs in humans who suffer from immunodeficiency. This research aims to detect antibodies IgM as a primary infection and IgG as a secondary infection in women suffering from repeated abortion and determines the more ages susceptible to HCMV infection. Blood sera were taken from females of different ages, from 15-45 years, based on clinical manifestation and abortion. The sample sizes in this study were taken from 150 patients, of which 100 cases were positive for HCMV. We recorded a high percentage of CMV infection (25%) and a high abortion rate (27.5%) in patients at age 20-24 years with a high rate of IgG, and we noticed a low rate of CMV infection (10%) in the age group 35-39 years with a low rate of IgG, we also reported a high abortion rate (27.27%) related with present IgM. The percentage of abortion was (26.66%) reported in patients ages 15-19 and 40-45 years, with (a 33.33%) rate of IgM and IgG. Keywords: Human Cytomegalovirus HCMV; abortion; IgM; IgG.

In this study, a new method to determine the extent effect of chemical interference between omega 3 fatty acid (fish oil), and milk solution (lactose) was used by electrochemistry procedure through oxidation-reduction of electric current peaks. The different temperature factors and their effect on the oxidation peak of omega-3 in the milk medium were applied to determine the values of activation energy (Ea*) and other thermodynamic values were calculated, such as enthalpy (ΔH*), free energy (ΔG*), and entropy (ΔS*). The results of the analysis showed that there is only one reduction peak of omega 3 fatty acid in milk, which proves that fish oils with lactose milk have an effective antioxidant effect on the body of the organism in addition to the benefits envisaged by these oils. Temperature is the main action to destruction of milk proteins above 50 oC, in addition to the effect of omega-3 on the milk as well.