o E p , electron spin resonance (ESR) signals related to dangling bonds were observed. When HLEBI cut the chemical bonds and generated dangling bonds with nonbonding electrons in PTFE and PDMS, the electrons induced the chemical bonding and intermolecular attractive force. HLEBI induced strong adhesive force of laminated sheets was explained by the discussion. Therefore, it was concluded that HLEBI was a useful tool for quick lamination of bio-adaptable PDMS and high strength PTFE.

Homogeneous low voltage electron beam irradiation (HLEBI) improves the Charpy impact value (a uc ) of composites sheets of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyetheretherketone (CFRTP) with 2 mm thickness, although the irradiated depth estimated is 177 AE 32 mm at their both sides surface. The a uc values at low fracture probability (P f ) of 0.13 for CFRTP irradiated at 0.43 MGy (kJg À1 ) is 78 kJm À2 , which is 56% higher than that (50 kJm À2 ) for CFRTP before irradiation. Although the lowest impact values (a s ) estimated by three parameters Weibull equation is zero for CFRTP before irradiation, HLEBI enhances the a s value. The highest a s value is more than 55 kJm À2 for CFRTP irradiated from 0.43 to 0.65 MGy. Thus, HIEBL remarkably enhances the a s value, as well as the a uc value at low P f value. Since HLEBI enhances the Weibull coefficient (n), it also enhances the reproducibility of CFRTP samples. The maximum n value is found at 0.43 MGy of HLEBI dose. The interfacial friction force, as well as the strengthening of both carbon fiber and polyetheretherketone probably contributes the HLEBI effects to enhance the a s value of CFRTP, as well as enhancement of reproducibility.

By using homogeneous electron-beam (EB) irradiation, rapid adhesion between nylon-6 film and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was successfully developed. Effects of homogeneous irradiation of electron beam with low potential (HIEBL) on adhesive strength of different polymers without glue were investigated. HIEBL less than 0.216MJ kg−1 (MGy) increased the adhesive strength and its strain of composites constructed with nylon-6 film and PMMA, although additional HIEBL at more than 0.432 MGy apparently decreased the adhesive strain. HIEBL less than 0.432 MGy also enhanced the elasticity (dσ/dε)o of composites. To evaluate the influence of HIEBL on the adhesive strength, electron spin resonance signals that relate to dangling bonds were observed. Because EB irradiation generated dangling bonds in polymethyl methacrylate and nylon-6, dangling bonds probably acted reactive and bonding sites to each polymer at interface. Therefore, HIEBL enhanced the adhesive strength as well as elasticity of the composites.

Homogeneous low voltage electron beam irradiation (HLEBI) improved the elasticity indicated by both flexural modulus (E f ) and the maximum slope value (ðd=d"Þ max ) of the bending stress-strain curve of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyetheretherketone (CFRTP) composite sheets with 0.50 mm thickness, although the penetration depth estimated was from 0.14 to 0.21 mm on both side surfaces. HLEBI remarkably enhanced both E f and ðd=d"Þ max . The E f at middle cumulative probability (P E ) of 0.50 for CFRTP irradiated at 0.30 MGy (kJg À1 ) was 3.3 GPa, which was 27% higher (2.6 GPa) than for CFRTP before irradiation. Moreover, ðd=d"Þ max at middle cumulative probability (P E ¼ 0:50) was more than 4.9 GPa for CFRTP irradiated at 0.30 MGy. The interfacial friction force, as well as the strengthening of both carbon fiber and polyetheretherketone probably contributed to the HLEBI effects to enhance both E f and ðd=d"Þ max in the CFRTP.

No abstract