Three-dimensional (3D) CT imaging was performed on three cases (one unilateral, two bilateral) of coronoid process hyperplasia. This technique displayed the impingement of the enlarged coronoid process on an exostosis on the lower border of the malar bone. In addition, a small concavity was found on the inner surface of the malar bone that was not displayed by other imaging modalities. The 3D images were useful in planning surgical treatment. In cases of limitation of opening, finding a malar exostosis on conventional radiographs such as a Water's view should suggest the presence of coronoid process hyperplasia even if the impingement cannot be demonstrated.

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We report a bilateral medial medullary infarction in which diffusion-weighted images revealed a unique configuration: a heart appearance sign. If it is early diagnosed, it might predict a poor outcome. An 85-year-old man developed dysarthria and numbness in his four limbs and was transferred to our hospital. Brain MR diffusionweighted images revealed a high-intensity lesion in the bilateral medial medulla oblongata --a heart appearance sign --and we diagnosed a bilateral medial medullary infarction. Although his symptom changed aggressively for the worse, it finally changed for the better without bulbar paralysis, and he was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation. When the medial medulla oblongata is supplied by the unilateral control of the anterior spinal artery, its occlusion can cause a bilateral medial medullary infarction.

We report a duplication of basilar artery, it is a rare variation of vessel and arisen from unfusing of a posterior longitudinal neural arteries. 71-year-old man with hypertension, was referred to our hospital for a visual disturbance. The duplication of basilar artery was incidentally discovered on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI showed an artery lined up side by side a basilar artery in front of brain stem, it was connected from vertebral artery to anterior inferior cerebellar artery. So it was diagnosed a duplication of basilar artery. A duplication of basilar artery is not a rare variation of vessel but a comparatively few variation of vessel, because some cases of the fenestration of basilar artery were included the duplication of basilar artery on review of the literature. And it occurred to be stabilized its back flow.