We describe about our dental surgical simulator which enable users to simulate dental surgical operation. Our simulator which enables the user to learn dental surgical methods through actual hand and body postures. The proposed system uses a display showing a virtual tooth model and real teeth and gums that are positioned close to the hands of the user, which allows the user to directly manipulate objects with haptic feedback. As a preliminary evaluation, in display system, we measured the deviation between real object image and virtual object image at user's view positions. And we confirmed the capability and the limitation of our system.

The anaerobic threshold, which is the limit of the aerobic glycolytic system (i.e., the so-called aerobic exercise limit) was not influenced by exercise under an acute alcoholic load. However, after the production of lactate started, the respiratory compensation point, which is the limit of the metabolic compensatory action, appeared earlier. This suggested that the intake of alcohol would influence the energy metabolism of skeletal muscles by a mechanism in which the disturbed metabolism of lactate in skeletal muscles was mainly involved.

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