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Summary Reversion of the malignant phenotype of erbB2-transformed cells can be driven by anti-erbB2/neu monoclonal antibodies (mAb), which disrupt the receptor's kinase activity. We examined the biologic effects of IFN-γ alone or after anti-erbB2/neu mAb treatment of erbB2-positive cells. IFN-γ had no effect on its own. Treatment of the tumors with anti-erbB2/neu mAb followed by IFN-γ led to dramatic inhibition of tumor growth in vitro and in vivo with minimal mAb dosing. Sequential therapy enhanced the effects of chemotherapy. Moreover, IFN-γ with mAb treatment of mice with IFNγR knock down tumors did not demonstrate marked synergistic eradication effects, indicating an unexpected role of IFN-γ on the tumor itself. Additionally, mAb and IFN-γ treatment also in duced immune host responses that enhanced tumor eradication. Biochemical analyses identified loss of Snail expression in tumor cells, reflecting diminution of tumor stem cell-like properties as a consequence of altered activity of GSK3-β and KLF molecules.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which does not show hormone sensitivity, is a poor prognosis disease without an established targeted treatment, so that establishing a therapeutic target for each subtype is desired. In addition, microRNA (miRNA), a non-cording RNA 19-25 nucleotide-longs in length, is known to be involved in regulating gene expression. We examined miRNA expression after exposure to eribulin, MDA-MB-231 cells, non-basal-like type of TNBC cell lines, and HCC1143 cells, basal-like type of TNBC cell lines. The activity of caspase-3 significantly increased compared to the control in MDA-MB-231, whereas no significant difference was observed in HCC1143. The expression level of 20-miRNAs significantly increased compared to the control in MDA-MB-231 after exposure to eribulin. The expression level of 6-miRNAs also significantly increased compared to the control in HCC1143. In these 2 cell types, miR-125b-1 and miR-195 were commonly expressed. While the expression level of miR-125b-1 decreased in both cells, the expression level of miR-195 increased in MDA-MB-231 and decreased in HCC1143. The expression level of miR-195 targeting Wnt3a significantly decreased compared to the control in MDA-MB-231, whereas it significantly increased in HCC1143. These results showed that exposure to eribulin highly increased the expression of miR-195 while it decreased the expression of Wnt3a in non-basal-like type of TNBC. Some miRNAs are known to regulate other signaling pathways involved in human pathogenesis by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway, and miRNA can act as a tumor-suppressing gene; therefore, miR-195 may serve as a therapeutic target in non-basal-like type of TNBC.

Aero monas (A) gum, a stabilizer, and thickening agent of food, is composed of xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose, and mannuronic acid. Weight-average molecular weights M wand intrinsic viscosities [ry] of the unfractionated A gum and three fractions in water, 0.5 M NaCI aqueous solution and cadoxen were studied by light scattering and viscometry, Experimental results showed that A gum exists as an aggregate in 0.5 M NaCl aqueous solution and mainly as a single chain in cadoxen, The apparent aggregation number (Nap) of A gum in 0.5 M NaCl aqueous solution was ca. 22, and decreased with increasing sample molecular weight. Change of aggregation and disaggregation of A gum in 0.5 M NaCl aqueouslcadoxen mixtures occurred from 0 to 0.4 of voad (volume fraction of cadoxen), and was reversible. The stable aggregation of A gum in 0.5M NaCl aqueousl3% cadoxen mixture was achieved after 150min.

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