Intractable autoimmune diseases in chimeric resistant MRL/lpr mice were treated by a new bone marrow transplantation (BMT) method consisting of fractionated irradiation, 5.5 Gy ؋ 2, followed by intrabone marrow (IBM) injection of whole bone marrow cells (BMCs) from allogeneic normal C57BL/6 (B6) mice (5.5 Gy ؋ 2 ؉ IBM). In MRL/lpr mice treated with this method, the number of donor-derived cells in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver rapidly increased (almost 100% donor-derived cells by 14 days after the treatment), and the number of donorderived hemopoietic progenitor cells concomitantly increased. Furthermore, donorderived stromal cells were clearly detected in the cultured bone pieces from MRL/lpr mice treated with 5.5 Gy ؋ 2 ؉ IBM. All the recipients thus treated survived more than 1 year (> 60 weeks after birth) and remained free from autoimmune diseases. Autoantibodies decreased to almost normal levels, and abnormal T cells (

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Transplantation of whole bone marrow cells may be a better and more readily available treatment for Achilles tendon rupture than cultured mesenchymal stem cells.

Electromyography is a sensitive predictor of postoperative C5 palsy after laminoplasty. This complication may be avoided by performing selective foraminotomy in addition to posterior central canal decompression. Preexisting subclinical C5 root compression is a cause of C5 palsy after posterior cervical decompression for myelopathy.