Irradiation of polytetrafluoroethylene films with vacuum UV light in an ammonia gas atmosphere resulted in a hydrophilic surface, where abstraction of fluorine atoms, and introduction of nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms occurred. We used Kr2* and Xe2* excimer lamps at wavelength of 146 and 172 nm, respectively. The reaction mechanism for chemical surface modification is discussed on the basis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses.

Excellent critical current behavior at 77 K in magnetic fields up to 14 T has been obtained for Ba2YCu3O7-y (BYCO)-Ag films prepared by dipping-pyrolysis process. The films were epitaxially grown on SrTiO3(100) substrates using a two-step annealing (low-p(O2)/pure O2) method at 770°C. The best values of critical current density at 77 K under a 2-µV/cm criterion were 1.2×106 A/cm2 in a self field and 1.0×105 and 3.8×104 A/cm2 at 8 T and 14 T, respectively, when the field was applied parallel to the a-b plane.

The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of four samples of aluminium has been measured over the range 1 . 2 4 2 K. The samples were annealed at successively higher temperatures between measurements. It has been found that upon annealing the samples, the electron-phonon scattering term increased by about 60"/, whereas the electron-electron scattering term decreased by about 2@-30%. The effect of the successive annealings has been to reduce the dislocation density in the samples. A theoretical analysis has been presented, based on the idea that a reduced dislocation density tended to give an isotropic electron relaxation time. A calculation has been carried out which yields agreement between theory and experiment for both the increase in the electron-phonon scattering term and the decrease in the electron-electron scattering term.

The cis-isomer of p-Methyl Red (cis-p-MR) was appreciably stabilized by inclusion in equimolar amphiphilic heptakis(6-alkylamino-6-deoxy)cyclodextrins (CnN-CDs) in either chloroform solution or the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films, as compared with that in the isolated state. Amino moieties in the cyclodextrin derivatives were found to be essential for a tight inclusion of p-MR and also for the stabilization of cis-isomer.

The formation of radicals on the surface of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films after KrF excimer laser ablation was investigated by measurements of electron spin resonance (ESR) and by analyses of surface reaction with a vinyl monomer at a cryogenic temperature. The ESR spectrum of the ablated films in a sealed tube showed a broad peak. Acrylic acid ester and styrene derivatives were immobilized on the ablated and fragment-deposited surfaces through chemical bonds.