Background: In recent years, there was an increasing popularity in applying artificial intelligence in the medical field from computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to patient prognosis prediction. Given the fact that not all healthcare professionals have the required expertise to develop a CAD system, the aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using AutoML Vision, a highly automatic machine learning model, for future clinical applications by comparing AutoML Vision with some commonly used CAD algorithms in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions on ultrasound. Methods: A total of 895 breast ultrasound images were obtained from the two online open-access ultrasound breast images datasets. Traditional machine learning models (comprising of seven commonly used CAD algorithms) with three content-based radiomic features (Hu Moments, Color Histogram, Haralick Texture) extracted, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) model were built using python language.AutoML Vision was trained in Google Cloud Platform. Sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and average precision (AUCPR) were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the models. Cochran's Q test was used to evaluate the statistical significance between all studied models and McNemar test was used as the post-hoc test to perform pairwise comparisons. The proposed AutoML model was also compared with the current related studies that involve similar medical imaging modalities in characterizing benign or malignant breast lesions.
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