The research identifies hypotheses evaluating the impact of board characteristics on the risk of the commercial bank as well as examining the determinants of bank risk in Vietnam over a 10-year period, starting from 2008. Also, in this research, the differences between the roles of women and men in decision-making are tested. Based on this decision, risks of the banks may arise. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, Random effect method, and Fixed effect method are used to estimate the factors that have an impact on bank risk for dataset of all commercial banks in Vietnam. The results found that equity-to-asset ratio, bank performance and the economic growth have an inverse relationship with bank risk, while the size of bank has a positive relationship with the bank risk. One of the highlights of this paper is a demonstration of the relationship between CEO's gender and bank risk. The test result shows that the bank led by a female faces a higher overall risk level and credit risk than a bank led by a male. Based on this result, the paper also makes recommendations to Government, the State Bank of Vietnam and the commercial banks for effective risk management.

Purpose: This paper focuses on identifying the searching behaviors of the users, their difficulties as well as their expectations from library supports while using online databases at the Central Library of Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh city. Methods: Usage Reports of six online databases subscribed by the Central Library were analyzed and a survey by emailing users a questionnaire was conducted. Findings: The amount of usage increases yearly, however it is still low in comparison with the amount of subscribers who have registered for using online databases. Users did search for their research and study rather than for their teaching or professional knowledge update. Often they looked for journal articles and thesis rather than e-book. Key words and titles were used the most when searching. Reading the guidance from the library websites or from the databases was most used. This suggested that most users did not know how to use the databases and preferred to learn by themselves. Email was user preferred mean to communicate with library staff. English language and database searching skills were the biggest barriers preventing users from employing online database. Originality and implication: This paper provides the understanding of users" behaviors and suggests the necessity to assist users in using online databases in Vietnam universities. Up to now, these issues have not been known. They are relevant to improve the utilization of online databases.

Biotic and abiotic factors control aboveground biomass (AGB) and the structure of forest ecosystems. This study analyses the variation of AGB and stand structure of evergreen broadleaved forests among six ecoregions of Vietnam. A data set of 173 1-ha plots from 52 locations in undisturbed old-growth forests was developed. The results indicate that basal area and AGB are closely correlated with annual precipitation, but not with annual temperature, evaporation or hours of sunshine. Basal area and AGB are positively correlated with trees [ 30 cm DBH. Most areas surveyed (52.6%) in these old-growth forests had AGB of 100-200 Mg ha-1 ; 5.2% had AGB of 400-500 Mg ha-1 , and 0.6% had AGB of [ 800 Mg ha-1. Seventy percent of the areas surveyed had stand densities of 300-600 ind. ha-1 , and 64% had basal areas of 20-40 m 2 ha-1. Precipitation is an important factor influencing the AGB of old-growth, evergreen broadleaved forests in Vietnam. Disturbances causing the loss of large-diameter trees (e.g., [ 100 cm DBH) affects AGB but may not seriously affect stand density. Keywords Aboveground biomass Á Carbon storage Á Climatic variables Á Ecoregion Á Edaphic variables Á Oldgrowth forest Project funding: This word is funded by Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology under Grant number ÐTÐL.XH.10/15, Vietnam National Foundation for Science & Technology Development (106-NN.06-2016.10), and International Foundation for Science (J-1-D-4602-3).

In Ho Chi Minh's thought, the issue of caring, fostering and educating the young generation holds an extremely important position. Because youth is the backbone of the nation, the future of the nation. In his Will, Ho Chi Minh once again admonished: "The Party needs to take care of educating them in revolutionary morality, training them to become heirs to build socialism that is both "pink" and at the same time "specializing", nurturing the revolutionary generation for the next generation is a very important and very necessary thing. Especially in the current period, with the process of deep international integration with the rapidly developing science and technology, Vietnamese youth need to cultivate their own revolutionary morality and adapt to the development of the world, having a breakthrough thinking, firmly overcoming all difficulties, always worthy of their position and role, with enthusiasm, energy, strong will to rise, living in a harmonious environment Peace, renewal and development of the country, Vietnamese youth will definitely uphold the pioneering spirit, bravery, solidarity and creativity, contributing to the construction and development of an increasingly prosperous and happy country.

This article provides an overview of the situation of bilingual dictionary research in Vietnam according to the different approaches of lexicography. The studies are divided into three phases. At each phase, they are arranged according to approaches. Therefore, a panorama of the research situation is clearly and systematically described. Thereby, the reader can see the achievements as well as the unrealized fields of bilingual lexicographers.