A data matrix, obtained during a 3-year monitoring period (2007-2009) from 45 sampling sites in Hong Kong marine, was subjected to determine the spatial characterization and identify the sources of main pollutants. Indicator analyses indicated that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nickel, manganese, and arsenic (As) were at safe levels. Five heavy metals (zinc, lead, cupper, cadmium, chromium (Cr)) were moderate to severe enrichment at some sites. Inner Deep Bay and Victoria Harbor were considered as hot spots for PAHs and the heavy metals, while Tolo Harbor was highly polluted by the heavy metals. Cluster analysis classified the 45 sampling sites into three groups, representing different pollution levels. Principal component analysis/factor analysis identified four principal components (PCs) and explained 84.9 % of the total variances, standing for persistent pollution, N factor, P and Cr factor, and As factor, respectively. Group A was highly polluted by persistent pollution, group B was the less polluted group, and subgroup B1 was less affected by PC3 and PC4 than subgroup B2. Group C, considered as the moderately polluted group, was greatly affected by N factor or persistent pollution, while subgroup C2 received more N pollution than subgroup C1.

A data matrix, obtained during a 3-year monitoring period (2010-2012) from 45 sampling locations in the marine of Hong Kong, was subjected to pollution indicator and multivariate statistical technique analysis to investigate the spatial distribution and origin of the selected 12 heavy metals. Results suggested that V, Ni, and Ba were at safe levels, and there was a significant anthropogenic effect on Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Cr, which were moderate to severe enrichment at some locations. Sampling locations 1, 2, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 30, 31, and 32 were identified as pollution hot spots. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Cr were primarily controlled by anthropogenic sources and Ni, Ba, and V by natural sources. Whereas, Al, Fe, Mn, and As were controlled by both anthropogenic and natural sources. Cluster analysis classified 45 sampling sites into five groups and analysis of variance indicated there were significant differences between different groups. The pollution hot spots were classified into moderate or high polluted groups, and the influential factor of the heavy metal distribution was analyzed.

The writing skills is an important requirement of future job for college students. However, most Chinese universities only use writing courses to improve students’ theoretical writing level, and don’t train their writing skills from the perspective requirements of career development. This study starts from the requirements of employers for students’ writing ability and looks for the entry point for improving students’ writing ability from the whole process of students’ growth and success. It forms a system for training writing ability during the whole process of university, which has a positive effect on improving the adaptability of students to social needs.