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Localization is the basic problem of mobile robot. A new approach for information coding and decoding for robot localization is proposed in this paper. information codes are used as landmarks to provide a global attitude reference. The label and location information is stored in the information code and strategically placed in the operating environment. The mobile robot is equipped with a camera that can read the information code for localization purposes Firstly, the current situation of the coding methods used for robot localization is analyzed, and the exposed problems and defects in application are summarized. In view of these problems, a new code method which is more suitable for robot location is designed. Then, the coding and decoding methods of the design are elaborated in detail. Finally, relevant experiments are designed in combination with practical application scenarios. Compared with the traditional QR code decoding method, the effect is better than the traditional QR code.