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We have described a sulfonamide-selective ambient ion source coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for selective extraction and determination of trace sulfonamide antibiotics. It is obtained by modifying an iron sheet with a sulfadiazine-templated hydrophilic molecularly imprinted polymer (SF-HMIP). It behaves as both an online extractor and a MS ion source. Five sulfonamide antibiotics, including sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), sulfamerazine (SMR), sulfisoxazole (SIZ), sulfathiazole (ST), and sulfameter (SMD), were chosen to evaluate SF-HMIP coupled with ESI-MS, which showed good linearity in the range of 0.2–1000 ng/mL with correlation coefficient values (R 2) over 0.9946. The limits of detection (LODs) for analysis of pure water and honey were in the range of 0.1–0.2 and 0.2–1.5 ng/mL, respectively. Limits of quantitation (LOQs) for analysis of pure water and honey were in the range of 0.3–0.5 and 1.0–5.0 ng/mL, respectively. The results demonstrated that SF-HMIP combined with ESI-MS could be applied for the direct analysis of five trace sulfonamide compounds in honey and pure water with recoveries ranging from 76 to 129%.

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