Doubts about the architectural style of the Kaboud Mosque in Tabriz are related to the geometry of the plan and its special volumetric composition, which has made this building different from other examples of mosque architecture in Iran. For this reason, some scholars, following the formal origins of this mosque, have traced its roots in the art of the Ottoman region and, as a result, have introduced the architecture of the Kaboud Mosque as an imitation of Ottoman architecture. In the present study, it is assumed that the architecture of the Kaboud Mosque, despite having some similarities in the form of mosques in Ottoman, has been built according to the principles of Iranian architecture. Using a descriptive-analytical method, it seeks to answer the question of what are the geometric principles used in the architecture of Kaboud Mosque in Tabriz. The results show that the construction of the Kaboud Mosque is similar in form to some Ottoman architectural works. However, structurally, it has been created entirely based on the Iranian engineering style. The architectural style of this building, although it opened a new chapter in the design of the mosque in Iranian architecture, but could not arouse the desire of later architects to repeat its form.

Issue of sustainable development has been introduced as one of the most common and important issues throughout the world, turned to an important issue in all the specialized fields and encompassed economic, social, cultural and other aspects of human life. Sustainable development refers to a process during which the people of a country meet their needs and improve their life regardless of consuming the resources which belong to next generations. A growing world population has an adverse effect on the earth's natural settlements and urban sprawl has led to irresponsible consumption of energy, the gradual warming of the planet and the increase in environmental pollution. Yet, a high amount of energy loss derives from non-standard methods of buildings for heating and cooling and inconsistency with climatic conditions. Therefore, sustainable development and applied concepts for sustainable development have been consistent with aims and intentions of modern architecture, proposed as an effective factor to achieve aims of sustainability. This research is a qualitative study conducted via descriptive-analytical method. In this research, library sources have been used to examine principles of sustainable architecture design in crowded residential complexes with an outlook to resuscitation of nature in architecture.

PurposeThe current study evaluates the success of this project at the local scale by examining the degree of compliance with local sustainability indicators after the revival of the Zanjan Match Factory. Hence, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the prosperity of the Zanjan match factory monument restoration project in achieving local sustainability. The study intention of prosperity implies any action, achievement or positive outcome that contributes to informed decision-making and leads to sustainable neighborhood development.Design/methodology/approachThe current research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical, and survey-field in terms of method. The criteria evaluated in this research include criteria as follows: (1) evaluation of protection and preservation of the building, (2) success of the new function and (3) sustainable local development, which are defined items for each criterion. The questions of the questionnaire are prepared according to the Likert 5 points spectrum, the value of which is answered between 1 and 5 and the hierarchy goes from “very good” to “very poor”. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained for the validity of the questionnaire questions is 0.85, which indicates the appropriate validity of the questionnaire questions.FindingsThe study findings indicate that the applied criteria are at an acceptable level since the criterion of sustainable local development and architecture have obtained the scores of 4 and the new function criterion scores of 3. Field surveys and observations of changes made in the neighborhood including the construction of a thoroughfare, commercial complex, service complex and local parks verify the validity of the findings. The results of the proposed study indicate that adaptive reuse projects should not be taken into account as individual projects since an individual building can be a catalyst for the restoration of other buildings and contribute to the transformation of the whole area by affecting the surrounding environment.Originality/valueAdaptive reuse of building assets is an important approach to sustainability that can be utilized in conserving and preserving industrial heritage buildings was described in this paper. An adaptive reuse project follows three aims of cultural and historical heritage conservation, the success of the new performance and the development of local communities and a successful project appropriately balances these three goals.

Throughout history architecture has undergone significant changes including the interior space of houses; however, in this regard, the design of the kitchen space has had an outstanding progress. The cookhouse which in the pattern of the traditional houses was always situated in the yard or the basement, has constantly been regarded as a secondary space; but after some development it has been situated next to the guest room and the bedrooms thus leading to the modern life comfort. In this paper which is both descriptive and analytical, the evolution of the cookhouse to the kitchen during the last century is studied. Also the role of the technology in altering a secondary space (a cookhouse) to a main multi-purpose space (a kitchen) is investigated.