Bangladesh is a country of natural resources, but it is facing necessary energy supply difficulties for its low economical condition. Biogas can be used a substitute energy generating source in Bangladesh for its suitable climate. About 35°C temperatures are suitable for biogas production. In Bangladesh, the essential materials for biogas production can be arranged very easy and cheapest way depending on country temperature (4°C -41°C) as it is an agricultural country. About 64 study data was collected from different biogas plants from three Upazila under Jessore district named Jessore sadar, Jhikargachha and Noapara paurasava. Three sizes of biogas plants have been observed in the study areas, which are based on cow dung. The constructional costs of these plants were from 36000 taka to 52000 taka. Biogas is beneficial to human health and environment assistances. Approximately 86% and 80.3% male informed that biogas has improved their mental and physical health respectively. This response has reached more than 95% for female. Maximum male and female thought that not only physical and mental health but also their financial conditions are also benefited by using biogas. About 85.4% to 97.65% male and 88.69% to 98.72% female realized that it has the capability to decrease various waste materials that may have contrary effect on environment. From this survey, it is able to be stated that Bangladesh has an amazing potentiality to adopt more plant life particularly in rural areas for easing the existing environmental degradation, gas power storage, and developing financial situations with suitable health.
Inflow groundwater plays a vital role in maintaining an environmental cycle. Water quality assessment is needed for identifying disturbance or contamination of this. In this research, twelve water samples were collected from in and around Maddhapara Granite Mine, Bangladesh during August 2017 to reach in a decision, that is the untreated mine discharged water able to contaminate the groundwater or not. The samples' heavy metals i.e., Zn, Ni, Fe, Cu, Pb, and Cr were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in laboratory, where the average highest value was 123.05 mg/L of Fe. Cr and Cu in those samples were under detection level and Pb concentration was 1.13 to 7.63 mg/L, which surpassed the World Health Organization (WHO, 04) drinking water guideline values of Pb is 0.01mg/L; Ni and Zn were also above the WHO standard. The concentrations of all heavy metals are inversely proportional to the distance of sampling point from the mine. Hence, this study uncovers that the use of granite mine wastewater without any treatment for irrigation purpose has grown the danger of heavy metals contamination in groundwater in future and causing an influential venture for the environment in the longtime term.
Traditional well log determines the geological and geophysical data of the wellbore and formation fluids properties like porosity, permeability, saturation, resistivity and shale volume. All these are measured during exploration and development stages of a drilling hole. During production or injection of a well, several problems like lost circulation, production tubing integrity and such others need to be known which are very important. Production logging determines wellbore fluid flowing data during production of oil, gas or water. Production problems determination and the remedy of the problems are designed based on production logging. Several production logging tools are used to determine the flow behavior of the formation fluids as well as identification of the top of cement. For multi-layers reservoir, perforation is essential for producing oil or gas from several layers. Production log determines the location of perforation. Spinner flow meter is used to determine the formation fluids velocity whereas Gradiomanometer is for fluids density. Besides, individual sensors are used in production logging for appraisement of various properties. This paper provides a technical review on production logging and its tools along with the modification for horizontal well. The result of this study will help to understand the importance and technique of production log very effectively.
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