It is important to diagnose primary malignant liver tumors before their clinical symptoms and signs develop. Children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection must be followed every 6 months by serum aphal-fetoprotein and abdominal US even when their liver function tests are normal. Image studies with abdominal US and computed tomography scan can differentiate between primary and metastatic liver tumors.

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Laparoscopic surgery for neonates and infants can be safely performed by experienced surgeons. However, transient hypercarbia may rapidly ameliorate after CO2 insufflation is stopped.

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