All trisomy 18 infants in this study were preterm or full-term deliveries. Mean birth weight was lower than previously reported, and a high percentage of families signed do-not-resuscitate consent forms. Females did not survive longer than males, due to more females not being resuscitated. Most infants died in the first few weeks of life, but 3-6% of infants lived for 21 year. The possibility of long-term survival should be considered when counseling parents regarding trisomy 18.

Persistent inflammation with oxidative DNA damage in the respiratory tract may be a crucial mechanism in BPD.

In infants with VLBW, oral ibuprofen is as effective as intravenous indomethacin for closure of PDA and is associated with significantly fewer cases of necrotizing enterocolitis among infants with birth body weights <1250 g and significantly lower rates of elevated creatinine levels among neonates with birth body weights ranging from 1000 to 1500 g.