This paper reviews the practical process of designing the electrodes on electroless immersion gold-plated test strips for glucose measurement. We have found that great care must be taken on determining the width and length of the working and reference electrodes, to yield the optimum performance on electroless immersion gold-plated glucose test strips for glucose measurement. Preferably, a width of at least 0.6 mm and a length of at least 24 mm are recommended to prevent variance in electrode resistance during mass production of electroless immersion gold-plated glucose test strips, in order to enhance the accuracy of glucose measurement. This paper also recommended that, if two different geometric sizes of test strips are going to be used on the same glucose meter, both test strips must use different lengths and widths on the working and reference electrodes to yield the same electrical resistance and hence similar electrochemical performance.

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The current design and manufacturing of blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMS) cannot resolve many current problems. Even with recent new advances on 100% non-damaging quality check and laser repair for the defective test strips found, it is still not enough. With the new internet, a new revolutionary architectural concept based on cyber physical system (CPS) is highly recommended to implement on the design and manufacturing of BGMS. This paper presents many unique benefits that can be achieved. The implementation of CPS to the design of BGMS interconnects the uses of glucose meters, test strips and control solutions with the manufacturing systems through internet to enhance the safety and performance of the BGMS, and to provide man-machine interactions and intelligent automation. Furthermore, the implementation of CPS to the manufacturing of BGMS further interconnects sensors and information feedbacks from different work stations to allow the manufacturing systems to be self-aware, self-adaptable and self-configurable, in order to reduce manpower, defective rate and production down time for better productivity. This new concept will bring in revolutionary approaches into the design and manufacturing of BGMS, in order to upgrade product performance, increase product competitiveness and create new business opportunities, by providing man-machine interactions and intelligent automation. Apart from that, the implementation of CPS architecture to the design and manufacturing of BGMS does not necessarily increase the costs of producing BGMS.