In recent decades, China has experienced rapid urbanization; one way to expand an urban area is to construct new districts. The construction of new districts in China began in the 1990s with the "Development areas", which focused on industrial development and were the main mode at that time [1]. Since the 21 st century, "comprehensive new districts" have become important carriers of economic transition in many regions in China; industry development is no longer the primary purpose of the new districts, and attention has been paid to intensive land-use and ecological environmental protection [2]. The number of new districts in China has increased rapidly in the past

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